Central Asia is covered by vast desert ecosystems, and the majority of these ecosystems have alkaline soils. Their contribution to global net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) is of significance simply because of their immense spatial extent. Some of the latest research reported considerable abiotic CO2 absorption by alkaline soil, but the rate of CO2 absorption has been questioned by peer communiti...

CO, CH4, N2O and CO2 were retrieved from high resolution solar absorption spectra obtained during a ship cruise from Capetown to Bremerhaven in January/February 2003 by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Precisions of better than 0.5% for the column averaged volume mixing ratios (VMR) of CH4 and CO2 are achieved using of O2 as a reference gas. Shipborne FTIR-measurements of CO and ...

Satellite observations can be used to detect the changes of CO2 concentration at global and regional scales. With the column-averaged CO2 dry-air mole fraction (Xco2) data derived from satellite observations, the issue is how to extract and assess these changes, which are related to anthropogenic emissions and biosphere absorptions. We propose a k-means cluster analysis to extract the temporall...

In this work we study the structural and electronic properties of supercritical CO2 starting with the evaluation of force fields based on previous ab initio BornOppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) [1]. The main application is the description of the absorption spectrum of paranitroanilina (pNA) [2,3] in supercritical CO2. The supercritical CO2 is considered a ``green alternative" to convention...

Full description of an absorption band is complex, but approximate expressions can be used over limited ranges of absorber mole fraction, pressure and pathlength. It can be shown that the “non-overlapping line approximation” applies at ambient pressure and CO2 mole fraction over the short pathlengths found in LI-COR infrared gas analyzers (Wolfe and Zissis, 1978). This leads to a “scaling law” ...

Studying the quantity and origin of CO2 emitted by back-arc mud volcanoes is critical to correctly model fluid-dynamical, thermodynamical, and geochemical processes that drive their activity and to constrain their role in the global geochemical carbon cycle. We measured CO2 fluxes of the Bledug Kuwu mud volcano on the Kendeng Fold and thrust belt in the back arc of Central Java, Indonesia, usin...

The binding of two activating cations, Co2+ and Mg2+, and of one inhibitory cation, Ca2+, to D-xylose isomerase from Streptomyces violaceoruber was investigated. Equilibrium-dialysis and spectrometric studies revealed that the enzyme binds 2 mol of Co2+/mol of monomer. Difference absorption spectrometry in the u.v. and visible regions indicated that the environment of the first Co2+ ion is mark...

Better quantification of atmosphere-ecosystem exchange of the isotopologues of CO2 could substantially improve our ability to probe underlying physiological and ecological mechanisms controlling ecosystem carbon exchange, but the ability to make long-term continuous measurements of the isotopic composition of exchange fluxes has been limited by measurement difficulties. Quantum cascade (QC) las...

The high-resolution (R 1⁄4 25; 000) infrared M-band spectrum of the massive protostar NGC 7538 IRS 9 shows a narrow absorption feature at 4.779 lm (2092.3 cm 1) that we attribute to the vibrational stretching mode of the 13CO isotope in pure CO icy grain mantles. This is the first detection of 13CO in icy grain mantles in the interstellar medium. The 13CO band is a factor of 2.3 narrower than t...

The infrared absorption and emission spectra of carbon mon ox idc a nd carbo n dioxide have been m easured with high resolution in the regi on from 4 to 6 microns. The m easurem ents of the Cl2016 fundamental band were carried out to a high precision, a nd a set of m olecu lar constants were calculated from the experimental data. In emiss ion the 10 and 2-1 bands of CO were measured in the P br...