Toxicological screening using animals are necessary for drug development registration. This approach is time-consuming, costly, labour intensive, stressful for the animals and susceptible to inaccuracies due to individual differences between animals. So, the screening of candidate chemicals in early development is often replaced with in vitro cell culture systems (Pearson, 1986; Liebsch & Spiel...

A small number of pluripotent cells within early embryo gives rise to all in the adult body, including germ cells. Hence, any mutations occurring cell population are at risk being propagated their daughter and could lead congenital defects or embryonic lethality pose a transmitted future generations. The observation that genetic errors relatively common preimplantation embryos, but levels reduc...

Stem cells are identified classically by an in vivo transplantation assay plus additional characterization, such as marker analysis, linage-tracing and in vitro/ex vivo differentiation assays. Stem cell lines have been derived, in vitro, from adult tissues, the inner cell mass (ICM), epiblast, and male germ stem cells, providing intriguing insight into stem cell biology, plasticity, heterogenei...

Abstract BACKGROUND The Hedgehog pathway directs gene expression programs that are essential for glioblastoma stem cells in vitro, but a clinical trial suggested inhibition does not improve outcomes (ABTC-0904). In pancreatic and bladder cancer, signaling through the tumor microenvironment induces stromal morphogens to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Thus, we hypothesized may proliferation v...

introduction: considering the importance of co-culture in differentiation of embryonic stem cells, the aim of this study was evaluation of the effect of co-culturing fetal liver stroma cells with p19 cells on the line of differentiation. materials and methods: for this purpose, p19 cells were cultured directly in semisolid medium. these cells proliferated and primarily differentiated to colonie...

ne of the most significant findings in recent stem cell research is the establishment of the induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, because they could have critical implications in both regenerative and reproductive medicine. Male gametes play a crucial role in transmitting genetic information to subsequent generations, and notably there are more and more patients with azoospermia, due to geneti...

aims: to evaluate the effect of mouse fallopian tube cell co-culture on the proliferation of human endometrial stromal cells. materials and methods: the endometrial cells were collected from the uterus under hysteroscopy. then the cells were isolated withcollagenase type 3 and passed within the filters with 150 and 40 micrometer sizes respectivelyand then the isolated cells were cultured in dme...

background: the anticancer agent imatinib (im) is a small molecular analog ofatp that inhibits tyrosine kinase activity of platelet derived growth factors (pdgfs)and stem cell factor (scf) receptor in cancer cells. however these factors have a keyrole in regulating growth and development of normal sertoli, leydig and germcells.objective: the aim of this study was to determine cell viability, pd...