Clubroot disease caused by the obligate parasite Plasmodiophora brassicae is a serious threat to cabbage production worldwide. Current clubroot control primarily relies on fungicide, but this has negative impact environment and use of single biocontrol agent cannot efficiently disease. Thus, combined application different agents been proposed as promising alternative. In study, we used bacteria...

Lactuca sativa is widely used as a leafy vegetable belonging to the Asteraceae family. Cotyledonary leaves of in vitro lettuce seedlings were transformed by plasmids containing the GCHI gene. Also the effects of number of days of pre-cultivation and co-cultivation of explants were examined on the transformation frequency. After co-cultivation, the explants were transferred onto the regeneration...

Elevated CO(2) is required for in vitro embryo culture to maintain proper media pH and to supply embryo metabolic pathways. As an alternative to current approaches using gas cylinders, we examined use of a chemical reaction to supply CO(2). A closed culture system was constructed and chemicals added to generate CO(2), which was then supplied to developing embryos. This system was shown to provi...

Microglia are increasingly implicated in brain pathology, particularly neurodegenerative disease, with many genes implicated in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and motor neuron disease expressed in microglia. There is, therefore, a need for authentic, efficient in vitro models to study human microglial pathological mechanisms. Microglia originate from the yolk sac as MYB-independent macrophages, migr...

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been used for transplantation in the treatment of hematologic disorders as a source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Because of insufficient number of cord blood CD34(+) cells, the expansion of these cells seems to be important for clinical application. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), playing an important role in HSCs maintenance, were used as feeder layer. A...

The co-culture of Trametes versicolor and Ganoderma applanatum is a model of intense basidiomycete interaction, which induces many newly synthesized or highly produced features. Currently, one of the major challenges is an identification of the origin of induced features during the co-culture. Herein, we report a 13C-dynamic labeling analysis used to determine an association of induced features...

This study was designed to provide further information on mouse and human embryo development in alpha-modified minimum essential medium (alphaMEM). First, we compared the development and implantation potential of murine in-vitro fertilized (IVF) embryos cultured in alphaMEM, in the presence and absence of co-culture cells. No significant difference was observed in blastocyst rate between alphaM...

Retinal glia (RG) and retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) have been previously identified in intravitreal cellular membranes of patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). This study was undertaken to determine if the co-presence of both cell types might lead to increased membrane growth due to some heterotypic cell interactions that enhance cell proliferation. Cell proliferation in...

Innervation plays a key role in the development, homeostasis and regeneration of organs and tissues. However, the mechanisms underlying these phenomena are not well understood yet. In particular, the role of innervation in tooth development and regeneration is neglected. Several in vivo studies have provided important information about the patterns of innervation of dental tissues during develo...

Antiangiogenic therapy for cancer is a strategy targeted at tumour vasculature, often in combination with conventional cytotoxicity treatments. Animal testing is still the most common method used for evaluating the efficacy of new drugs but tissue-engineered in vitro models are becoming more acceptable for replacing and reducing the use of animals in anti-cancer drug screening. In this study, a...