Top-down surface mixers are increasingly used in drinking water reservoirs to prevent the development of stratification, control cyanobacteria, and limit sediment release soluble manganese. A targeted field investigation enabled discrimination artificial mixing by from wind convection a shallow (6.6 m), eutrophic reservoir. were effective at reducing vertical temperature dissolved oxygen gradie...

Background and Aim: Considering the consequences of false positive (FP) and false negative (FN) diagnoses as well as the lack of information on the diagnostic ability of photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensors in the detection of secondary caries, this study aimed to compare the diagnostic ability of these two sensors in the detection of s...

A novel extension to a previous method has been proposed to evaluate the nature of dry powder mixing processes using a mixing sensitive colouring agent. The method proposed measures the change in the colour (hue) and colour intensity of the powder blends over mixing time. To evaluate the extent of fine particle dispersion and de-agglomeration, cohesive and free flowing lactose (white) and cohes...

Abstruct-The two-diode subfmrmordcallypumped stripline mixer hasa pair of diodesshunt mounted with oppositepolarities in a striplfne circuit betweenthe sigsudand local oscillator inputs. The circuit haslow noiseand conversion10ssand substantialAM local oscillator noise cancellation.The load oscfflator frequency is abmsthaff the signal frequency.A novel diode chip, the notch-front dfodq which ha...

Submillimeter spectroscopy is a unique and very rich source of astrophysical information. While many important results have been obtained using ground based telescopes, the Kuiper Airborne Observatory, ISO, and SWAS, this field will soon experience rapid growth and development due to projects such as SOFIA, ALMA, and the Herschel Space Observatory (HSO). High spectral resolution is and will con...

We describe a steganographic protocol for packet switched networks that is based on the dynamic rewriting of packet headers. The protocol provides confidentiality without encryption based on Rivest’s “chaffing and winnowing” technique. We identify new places in computer networks where this method can be applied and describe an alternate chaffing method that relies on unpredictable number sequen...

We report on the first THz balanced mixer/upconverter using a Schottky diode MMIC chip. Using an optically pumped laser at 1562 GHz as an LO source with a coupled power of about 1 mW, and 1 mW input at an IF frequency of 10 GHz, we obtained a sideband output power of 23 uW (sum of two sidebands). As a mixer, at an LO of 1621 GHz, we obtain a conversion loss of 12.4 dB DSB and a noise temperatur...