Un-methylated cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) has been considered as a powerful vaccine adjuvant and recognition of CpG-ODN by chicken leukocytes promotes their ability to fight against infections. In our study, efficacy of different routes of CpG-ODN application as an adjuvant on immune responses (antibody titer together with leukogram) following vaccination agains...

Maintaining software systems is getting more complex and difficult task, as the scale becomes larger. It is generally said that code clone is one of the factors that make software maintenance difficult. A code clone is a code portion in source files that is identical or similar to another. If some faults are found in a code clone, it is necessary to correct the faults in its all code clones. Ho...

In order to develop and improve clone analysis techniques for industrial application, it is necessary to know about how those techniques provide impacts on clone management in industry. In this position paper, we discuss approaches to observing the practical impact of clone analysis on the basis of our experience in applying clone analysis into an industrial development process.

Rubber clones have different adaptability which leads to no rubber clone being superior for all planting locations. Therefore, the agro-climatic characteristics of plantation area are needed determine suitability class land before extensive is carried out. The aim this study was examine growth combination (IRR 112 and IRR 118) number umbrella leaves (two umbrellas three umbrellas) during immatu...

Abstract The future of large-scale kelp aquaculture is standing at a crossroad, with the diverging paths being characterized by two fundamentally different cultivation methods that differ on how well gametophyte reproduction can be controlled. method does not directly control more widely utilized moment, but interest in better controlling growing steadily. Here, we validate bioreactor system ov...

BACKGROUND To characterize the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones present in Istanbul, 102 MRSA isolates collected during a 5-year period at the Istanbul Medical Faculty Hospital were characterized using microarray analysis and phenotypic resistance profiles. METHODS Resistance to methicillin was detected with a cefoxitin disk diffusion assay and confirmed with a MRSA-a...

Within a single tumor clone, cells have significantly different abilities to proliferate and form new tumors. This has led to the hypothesis that most cells in a cancer have a limited ability to divide and only a small subset of distinct cells, the cancer stem cells (CSCs), has the capacity to self-renew and form new tumors . It has been proposed that the development of tumors is based exclusiv...

Code clones are identical or similar fragments of code in a software system. Simple copy-paste programming practices of developers, reusing existing code fragments instead of implementing from the scratch, limitations of both programming languages and developers are the primary reasons behind code cloning. Despite the maintenance implications of clones, it is not possible to conclude that cloni...

OBJECTIVES To study the evolution between 1999 and 2002 and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in a multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clone predominant in isolates from elderly patients with respiratory tract infections. METHODS Susceptibility to antimicrobials was determined using an agar dilution method. Bacterial clones were identified by PCR-fingerprinting and PFGE with ApaI. C...