Background: Clomiphene Citrate (CC) is the most frequently administered drug for the treatment of female infertility [e.g. polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)]; which aims at restoring ovulation. Clomiphene is metabolized by CYP2D6, an important enzyme responsible for the metabolism of approximately 25% of clinically used drugs. CYP2D6 is very polymorphic and thought to result in inter- individual...

In this study, we have determined the ability of the partial estrogen antagonists, clomiphene, tamoxifen, and nafoxidine, and the pure estrogen antagonists, ICI 164,384 and ICI 182,780, to inhibit angiogenesis in the chick egg chorioallantoic membrane. All of the partial estrogen antagonists and the pure estrogen antagonist, ICI 182,780, showed significant angiostatic activity in a dose-related...

Ovulation induction is the method for treating anovulatory infertility. For patients with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, the treatment involves administration of both FSH and LH, while HCG is injected for follicle rupture. Pulsatile GnRH has the same effectiveness as gonadotrophins and the advantage of the low multiple pregnancy rate. In polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the first treatment ch...

In diabetic patients, euglycaemia at the time of conception is crucial for the success of the pregnancy. In consideration of the difficulty in achieving and maintaining tight glycaemic control for long periods, we administered clomiphene citrate, which is usually indicated in cases of absent or infrequent ovulation, to enhance fecundability in 10 pregestational diabetic patients. All conceived ...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of alternative treatments for unexplained infertility. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of 45 published reports. SETTING Clinical practices. PATIENT(S) Couples who met criteria for unexplained infertility. Women with Stage I or Stage II endometriosis were included. INTERVENTION(S) Observation; clomiphene citrate (CC); gonadotropins (...

background: poor ovarian response to controlled ovarian stimulation is one of the most important interest points in assisted reproduction. mild ovarian stimulation seems to be preferable to high dose of fsh regimens in women with a history of poor ovarian response in previous protocol. clomiphene citrate and letrozole alone or in combination with fsh have been used in mild ovarian stimulation p...

Objective This study was performed to compare the success level of laparoscopic ovarian drillind by means of standard and dose-adjusted (on the basis of ovarian volume) treatment methods among infertile clomiphene resistant PCO women. MaterialsAndMethods This randomized clinical trial was conducted on infertile clomiphene citrate resistant PCOS women in the Gynecology department of Imam Reza Ho...

Ovary is a dynamic organ and generates excess amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during follicular growth, development, maturation and ovulation [1]. The increased level of ROS is scavenged by antioxidant systems [2]. A moderate increase of ROS could be beneficial for oocyte meiotic maturation and reproductive outcome [3-5]. Overproduction of ROS or depletion of enzymatic antioxidant syste...