Introduction: Atlas Vertebra (1st cervical vertebra) is called “atypical vertebra” and has unusual shape andarchitecture. The dimensions of atlas vertebra are most essential in the technique cranio-vertebral regionstabilization. Retroarticular canals foramina transversaria important for transoral transpalatinalapproaches to clivus, axis.Aim objectives: To study incidence symmetry transversaria....

IMPORTANCE Nonchordomatous clival lesions are rare and represent a wide range of different benign and malignant pathologies. For an accurate and specific final diagnosis, biopsy procedures and/or resections followed by histologic examination are mandatory. OBJECTIVE To illustrate the challenges in obtaining a final histologic diagnosis in patients with various types of clival lesions. DESIG...

BACKGROUND A few cases depicting apoplexy in a chordoma have been reported. Rarely, this intratumoral bleed may spillover into intracerebral or intraventricular regions. CASE DESCRIPTION The authors report an intradural variety of clival chordoma presenting with apoplexy and spillover of blood into lateral ventricle. Clinical presentation, radiological scans, and relevant literature is also d...

404 Petrous apex cholesterol granulomas are relatively rare lesions. They are usually unilocular and treated with simple fenestration. However, lobulated lesions require total removal of debris inside the cysts. Herein, we report a first case with a lobulated petrous apex cholesterol granuloma. The lesion extended from cerebello-pontine angel to the clivus. It was lobulated and contained debris...

Systemic infection caused by G. haemolysans has rarely been reported. We herein describe the case of a 69-year-old woman with recurrent G. haemolysans meningitis that led to abducens nerve palsy. Osteomyelitis of the clivus was likely present at the first admission, which led to reinfection of the meninges because the course of antibiotic treatment was too short. The patient has remained free o...

A 59-year-old man with alcoholic liver disease became comatose from a left acute subdural hematoma. He developed a fixed dilated right pupil but the left pupil was responsive to light. Oculovestibular responses were normal. He had right extensor posturing. At autopsy uncal herniation was not found, but there was a diagonally shifted and rotated brainstem likely tethering or compressing the cont...

Although the incidence of unilateral abducens nerve palsy has been reported to be as high as 1% to 2.7% of head trauma cases, bilateral abducens nerve palsy following trauma is extremely rare. In this report, we present the case of a patient who developed a bilateral abducens nerve palsy and hypoglossal nerve palsy 3 days after suffering head trauma. He had a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 15 poin...