Numerical energy balance climate model calculations of the average surface temperature of the Northern Hemisphere for the past 400 years are compared with a new reconstruction of the past climate. Forcing with volcanic dust produces the best simulation, whereas expressing the solar constant as a function of the envelope of the sunspot number gives very poor results.

India needs reliable good quality database and methodologies for designing, implementing and monitoring climate-friendly policies. This paper focuses on the database needs for policies in the context of multilateral frameworks. It provides suggestions to the Central Statistical Organization (CSO for improving the adequacy and quality of environmental statistics relating to climate change in Ind...

[1] Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a criteria pollutant. Its sensitivity to meteorology implies its distribution will likely change with climate shifts. Limited availability of global climate models with full chemistry complicates efforts to assess rigorously the uncertainties in the PM2.5 response to a warming climate. We evaluate the potential for PM2.5 distributions in a chemistry-climat...

a Ecological Modelling Laboratory, Department of Physical & Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M1C1A4, Canada b Lower Trent Conservation, Trenton, Ontario K8V 5P4, Canada c Environment Canada & Climate Change, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada d Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment & Climate Change,...

BACKGROUND Climate change has been described as the biggest global health threat of the 21st century. Typically framed as an environmental issue, some suggest this view has contributed to public ambivalence and hence a lack of public engagement. The lack of understanding of climate change as a significant environmental health risk on the part of the lay public represents a significant barrier t...

Delineating the climate processes governing precipitation variability in drought-prone Texas is critical for predicting and mitigating climate change effects, and requires the reconstruction of past climate beyond the instrumental record. We synthesize existing paleoclimate proxy data and climate simulations to provide an overview of climate variability in Texas during the Holocene. Conditions ...

von Storch et al. (Reports, 22 October 2004, p. 679) criticized the ability of the "hockey stick" climate field reconstruction method to yield realistic estimates of past variation in Northern Hemisphere temperature. However, their conclusion was based on incorrect implementation of the reconstruction procedure. Calibration was performed using detrended data, thus artificially removing a large ...

Status quo sudden environmental accidents occur frequently, in order to meet the needs of environmental risk management, designed weather and atmospheric environmental risk source monitoring system, the feature could easily cause a major environmental risk material incidents from the monitoring indicator system, monitoring distribution scheme, monitoring technology, monitoring data acquisition ...