This work represents an initial analysis of butterflies and day-flying moths the Gouraya National Park (Algeria). Forty-eight field-surveys were made between February 2011 January 2012, in three stations (the cliff, low matorral high matorral). It allowed us to identify 38 species, belonging 6 families: Lycaenidae (13 species), Nymphalidae (10 Pieridae (9 Papilionidae (2 Hesperiidae Zygaenidae ...

The mechanisms through which wave action induces cliff erosion are not well quantified, limits our ability to model future erosion. Previous studies have investigated using seismic measurements of cliff-top ground motion from impacts as a proxy for potential driven However, most attention has focussed on averaged hourly statistics, rather than at the individual impact scale. Higher temporal res...

Harold Modell, William Cliff, Joel Michael, Jenny McFarland, Mary Pat Wenderoth, and Ann Wright Physiology Educational Research Consortium, Seattle, Washington; Department of Biology, Niagara University, Niagara, New York; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biology, Edmonds Community College, Lynnwood, Washington; Department...

Instanton-like transitions (“shadow processes”) are considered in (1+1) dimensional models with one scalar field whose potential is a quadratic well with a cliff. The corresponding classical boundary value problem is solved, and the semiclassical transition probabilities are found in a rather wide range of energies and the numbers of initial particles.

Exploration gathers information about the unknown. This information can come in many forms, from knowledge of new terrain, to rock geology, to lifeforms. The value of these different information forms to an explorer is determined by a set of information metrics, one for each form of information, that depend on the goal of the exploration task. As explorations become more complex, increasing num...

Extreme climatic disturbances provide excellent opportunities to study natural selection in wild populations because they may cause measurable directional shifts in character traits. Insectivorous cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) in the northern Great Plains must often endure periods of cold weather in late spring that reduce food availability, and if cold spells last four or more days...