In Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis, citrate transport is facilitated by the plasmid-encoded citrate permease (CitP). In this work, we analysed regulation of citrate utilization by pH, nutrient limitation and the presence of citrate at four different levels: (i) plasmid copy number, (ii) citP transcription, (iii) citP mRNA processing and (iv) citrate utilization capacity. C...

   The objective of the present investigation was to develop and evaluate a contraceptive vagino-adhesive propranolol hydrochloride gel. To achieve this, various mucoadhesive polymers including guar gum (1-4% w/w), sodium alginate (4-7% w/w), xanthan gum (2-5% w/w ), HPMC 4000 (3-5% w/w), Na CMC (4-7% w/w), carbomer 934 and carbomer 940 both in the range of 0.5-2.0% w/w, were dispersed in an aq...

In the work it is shown by spectrophotometry method that depending on concentration ratio of ligands [PPi4–]/[Cit3–] in pyrophosphate-citrate electrolyte, cobalt (II) ions form not only citrate [Co(Cit)2]4– and pyrophosphate [Co(PPi)2]6–, but also polyligand complexes [Co(PPi)m(Cit)n]+2–(4m+3n). The composition [Co(PPi)Cit]5– was determined, equilibrium constant reaction their formation stabili...

The effects of aluminium and aluminium-citrate on some serum parameters related to carbohydrate metabolism in male Wistar rats were investigated. Daily intraperitoneal administrations of 1 mg/kg body weight of aluminium or aluminiumcitrate (1: 1) for 50 days led to the elevation of serum insulin by 24 or 40 percent respectively, with the concomitant decrease in serum glucose concentrations ...

The size, size distribution and magnetic properties of magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by co-precipitation without citrate, in the presence citrate adsorbed post-synthesis were studied X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) magnetization measurements. aim this investigation was to clarify effect ions on NPs. primary NPs, as determin...

Potassium citrate is prescribed to decrease stone recurrence in patients with calcium nephrolithiasis. Citrate binds intestinal and urine calcium and increases urine pH. Citrate, metabolized to bicarbonate, should decrease calcium excretion by reducing bone resorption and increasing renal calcium reabsorption. However, citrate binding to intestinal calcium may increase absorption and renal excr...

There are rising public health concerns about the links between consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain, obesity, and other metabolic problems. Sodium citrate (Na-citrate) is used as an additive in colas and various commercial drinks worldwide. Although potassium citrate (K-citrate) has been prescribed and well accepted by urologists for treating urinary stone disease (urolithi...

It has been known for about seventy years that bone, in all vertebrates, contains uniquely high citrate levels. However, the role of citrate, its source, its regulation, and its implication in normal bone formation and in bone disorders have remained largely unknown. For the past thirty-five years, the relationship of citrate in bone has been a neglected area of attention and research. It has r...

In addition to the fact that “ideal” fat mimetic should have all functional characteristics of fat, it is preferable be from natural sources. Dietary fibers different sources large potential for roles in low-energy food products. This work observes wheat-fiber-based mimetics (microstructure, rheological and textural properties), as well influence small molecules additives, which are usually nec...