Important inroads are being made into understanding the pathophysiology of acute diarrhea. Clear understanding of key mechanisms should suggest new approaches to combat disease. Exciting developments are occurring in terms of super-ORS solutions, particularly with the promise of short-chained glucose polymers and glutamine. Perhaps the most important development is the prospect of a good rotavi...

BACKGROUND Although both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and diarrhea are considerable problems in Cambodia, there have not been any studies to determine the history, clinical presentation, and etiology of chronic diarrhea in patients with HIV infection in Cambodia. In this article, we present a case-control study involving 40 HIV-infected patients with chronic diarrhea and 40 HIV-...

Chronic nonspecific diarrhea in children, or toddler’s diarrhea, is a frequently encountered entity in pediatric clinical practice. This disorder remains poorly understood. Suggested etiologies include malabsorption, dietary intake and motility abnormalities. We investigated the use of sacrosidase (a yeast sucrase supplement) in children with toddler’s diarrhea. The study outcome was clinical r...

A 64-year-old male with a history of hypertension presented with worsening diarrhea and 25-pound weight loss over the preceding three months. Prior screening colonoscopy was unremarkable, and the patient failed conservative management. On presentation, the patient had orthostatic hypotension associated with prerenal azotemia for which olmesartan (40 mg/day) was held. Initial workup for chronic ...

Giardia Giardia is a flagellate protozoan parasite commonly encountered in small animal veterinary practice. The most common clinical syndrome associated with Giardia is acute small bowel diarrhea, but in some cases acute large bowel diarrhea, chronic small or large bowel diarrhea, or rarely acute or chronic vomiting may occur. Studies throughout the world have found infection rates ranging fro...

Chronic and recurrent diarrheal illnesses are common in malnourished populations, particularly in young children, and contribute significantly to malabsorption and undernutrition. There is a vast array of infectious causes of these illnesses, parasitic, bacterial, fungal, and viral, which present major problems in prevention, control, and treatment of childhood diarrheal diseases in developing ...

Diarrhea is one of the most common concerns of veterinarians evaluating kittens with a health problem. Often times, diarrhea in kittens can be attributed to dietary changes, parasites or infectious diseases, and these should be the focus of any investigation in these young cats. Adult cats often have different and more chronic causes of diarrhea than kittens, but the condition remains a common ...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by multisystem inflammation, autoantibody formation, and immune complex deposition in nearly any organ system. Age of presentation is typically around the third decade, more likely in females of African, Hispanic, and Asian origin [1]. The most common initial symptoms include fever, arthralgia, and malar rash. Gastrointe...

BACKGROUND As 2 major common types of chronic diarrhea, functional diarrhea (FD) and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) affect 1.54% to 1.72% of people in China. Acupuncture is commonly used in clinical practice for patients with chronic diarrhea. Here, we present a protocol of systematic review aimed at systematically review all the clinical evidence on the effectiveness of ...

noscopy showed diffuse mucosal edema through the entire colon, with multiple reddish erosions and contact bleeding (Fig. A). On colonoscopic biopsy, homogenous amyloid deposits were seen in the parenchyma and vessels (Fig. B, H&E, ×200), and Congo red staining for the amyloid, coupled with polarized light, demonstrated the characteristic apple-green birefringence (Fig. C, Congo red, ×400). Ches...