Clastogen induced chromosome breakage analysis is widely used for the differential diagnosis of Fanconi's anemia. Mitomycin-C (MMC) induced chromosome fragility test was performed on the cultured lymphocytes of 50 children with clinical suspicion of Fanconi's anemia. According to the results of the MMC test, the patients were divided into two subgroups: FA displaying typical sensitivity to MMC ...

Morphological analysis of mitotic chromosomes is used to detect mutagenic chemical compounds and to estimate the dose of ionizing radiation to be administered. It has long been believed that chromosomal breaks are always associated with double-strand breaks (DSBs). We here provide compelling evidence against this canonical theory. We employed a genetic approach using two cell lines, chicken DT4...

A prerequisite for constructing a physical map that spans an entire plant chromosome is isolation of intact chromosome-sized DNA. Two methods are commonly used to isolate megabase (Mb)-sized DNA from plant materials, i.e., from protoplasts (1) or from nuclei (3,5). Isolated protoplasts or nuclei are embedded in low-melting-point agarose to form either plugs or microbeads. DNA molecules are isol...

BACKGROUND The identification of breakpoints involved in chromosomal damage could help to detect genes involved in genetic disorders, most notably cancer. Until now, only one published study, carried out by our group, has identified chromosome bands affected by exposure to oil from an oil spill. In that study, which was performed two years after the initial oil exposure in individuals who had p...

Ovarian carcinoma has the highest mortality of all of the gynecologic cancers. The chromosomal changes in this tumor type are highly complex, and the karyotypes typically show severe aneuploidy. Despite the abundance of cytogenetic information, with approximately 400 published karyotypes, very little is known about the mode of karyotypic evolution and the possible presence of cytogenetic pathwa...

REVIOUS evidence has shown (KIMBALL, GAITHER and PERDUE 1957,1961; 'KIMBALL, GAITHER and WILSON 1959) that most of the X-ray induced mutations detected by inviability and slow growth after autogamy in Paramecium aurelia originate from reparable premutational lesions. These lesions are subject to repair until the chromosomes duplicate, and only then are they fixed as final mutation. Chromosomal ...

UNLABELLED UPDtool is a computational tool for detection and classification of uniparental disomy (UPD) in trio SNP-microarray experiments. UPDs are rare events of chromosomal malsegregation and describe the condition of two homologous chromosomes or homologous chromosomal segments that were inherited from one parent. The occurrence of UPD can be of major clinical relevance. Though high-through...

Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome (NBS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by microcephaly, growth retardation, immunodeficiency, chromosomal instability, and predisposition to cancer. Heterozygous NBS patients show increased chromosomal instability and are suspected to be at a high risk for cancer. To study the impact of NBS1 heterozygosity on malignancy susceptibility, we disrupted ...

Copyright © 2015 by Hirosaki University. All rights reserved. Ionizing radiation is a potent genotoxic agent that can induce delayed biological effects referred to as genomic instability. Delayed chromosomal instability has been studied as a typical phenotype of genomic instability in the progeny of irradiated cells, but the mechanisms by which it arises remain obscure. The previous chromosome ...