The present study was designed to evaluate whether etodolac, a cyclooxgenase-2 (COX-2)-specific inhibitor, could prevent chemically induced biliary carcinogenesis in bilioenterostomized hamsters. Syrian golden hamsters were subjected to choledochojejunostomy and then received subcutaneous injections of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) every 2 weeks at a dose of 10 mg/kg body wt. BOP adminis...

ORTHOTOPIC liver transplantation (OLTx) has emerged during. the last decade to be the most effective therapy for patients with advanced primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).1-3 The potential risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in these patients triggered the current study to define the clinical characteristics of patients with concomitant CCA and its effect on patient survival after tra...

INTRODUCTION Autoimmune hepatitis is an inflammatory disease with multifactorial ethiopatogenesis, characterized by lympho-monocytic infiltration of liver, presence of serum autoantibodies (ANA, SMA, LKM-1) and high levels of immunoglobulins. Overlap syndromes are defined as the association of autoimmune hepatitis with cholestatic diseases such as primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosin...

Portal biliopathy or portal cavernoma cholangiopathy refers to cholangiographic abnormalities, which occur in patients with portal cavernoma. These include shallow bile duct impressions and indentations causing wall irregularity, smooth strictures with upstream dilatation, and luminal filling defects (▶Fig. 1, ▶Fig. 2). These changes occur as a result of pressure on bile ducts from bridging tor...

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a progressive autoimmune liver disease with a long natural history. The pathogenesis of PBC is thought to be orchestrated by Th1 and/or Th17. In this study, we investigated the role of CD4+ helper T subsets and their cytokines on PBC using our previous established murine model of 2-OA-OVA immunization. We prepared adeno-associated virus (AAV)-IFN-γ and AAV-IL-...

BACKGROUND The aim of this article is to present the most recent suggestions for the therapy of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis based on a review of the current literature. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search in the Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases using the keywords mentioned above. This article is strongly influenced by the publication of the Tokyo Guideline...

BACKGROUND The bile canaliculus is the smallest and first biliary channel and is formed by two or three adjacent hepatocytes. Previous studies of chronic cholangiopathies such as primary sclerosing cholangitis have focused on the bile ductules. However, little is known about the pathological alterations in bile canaliculi in the early phase of cholangiopathies. AIM To characterize the bile ca...

BACKGROUND Early biliary complications (EBC) following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) are poorly known. This study aimed to assess incidence, predictive factors, and treatment of EBC including bilio-enteric stricture, transient jaundice, biliary leak, and cholangitis. METHOD From 2007 to 2011, 352 patients underwent PD. Statistical analysis including logistic regression was performed to determi...

BACKGROUND Because the survival rate for patients experiencing late complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is increasing, late complications should receive as much attention as early complications do. METHODS Between April 2007 and August 2016, 133 patients underwent PD at our institution. We analyzed their cases to determine the predictors of late cholangitis after PD. RESULTS Of...