A high-viscosity sodium carboxymethyl mungbean starch (SCMMS), prepared by a carboxymethylation reaction with monochloroacetic acid in an alkaline condition, using methanol as a solvent, was investigated for the potential use as a pharmaceutical gelling agent. Gel bases were originally prepared from four commercial polymers, including carbopol (CP), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), methylce...

The various adverse biological effects of vinyl chloride appear to be dependent upon the metabolic conversion of this compound into chemically reactive metabolites. The metabolism of vinyl chloride in mammals and in man, including the formation of monochloroacetic acid and some identified sulfur conjugates is reviewed. Hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidases from rats, mice, and humans were ...

Methylglucoside (MEG) has been used in the water-based mud with fine montmorillonite (MMT) swelling inhibition, but it still has such shortages as large concentration and low thermostability. In this work, carboxymethyl glucoside (CMG) was synthesized with glucose and sodium chloroacetate and used as swelling inhibitor. The inhibition of CMG against clay swelling was investigated by MMT linear ...

A mathematical model describing the behavior of a continuous culture that degrades 1,2-dichloroethane and receives a shock loading of another compound was developed. The model takes into account possible cell death due to toxicity, growth inhibition and additional growth of cells on the second carbon source. Biodegradation is coupled to cell growth on the additional carbon source or by incomple...

I N 1948, Laki and Lorand1 observed that “fibrin clots” formed by the addition of calcium throm in to purified fibrinogen solutions were readily soluble in 5 NI urea and 1 per cent monochloroacetic acid. “Plasma clots” formed Iw the recalcification of oxalated plasma were insoluble in these solvents. Urea insolube clots could also be prepared 1w the addition of small amounts of plasma to the pu...

Distribution, metabolism, and excretion of monochloroacetic acid (MCA) were examined in adult male rats at a subtoxic (10 mg/kg) and a toxic (75 mg/kg) dose. Rats were injected i.v. with [14C]MCA and housed individually. Urine and feces were collected. Animals were euthanized at different time intervals after dosing and tissues procured. Radioactivity in aliquots showed very rapid distribution ...

Nano zinc oxide (ZnO) with moderate surface area and high pore volume were prepared using a facile preparation method. Chitosan was utilized as both chelating and structure directing agent. The application of chitosans in this study suggested that even biowastes can be served in a productive manner economically. The surface modification of chitosan was carried out in order to increase the inter...