A novel method with quaternary ammonium salts as internal additives has been applied to the mass scale calibration of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Five kinds of quaternary ammonium salts, octyltrimethylammonium bromide (C8TMA), tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride (C14TMA), octadecytrimethylammonium chloride (C18TMA), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and benzyldimeth...

Chronic bronchitis, a disease mainly of cigarette smokers, shares many clinical features with cystic fibrosis, a disease of altered ion transport, suggesting that the negative effects of cigarette smoke on mucociliary clearance may be mediated through alterations in ion transport. We tested the hypothesis that cigarette smoke extract would inhibit chloride secretion in human bronchial epithelia...

A novel light-driven chloride-pumping rhodopsin (ClR) containing an 'NTQ motif' in its putative ion conduction pathway has been discovered and functionally characterized in a genomic analysis study of a marine bacterium. Here we report the crystal structure of ClR from the flavobacterium Nonlabens marinus S1-08(T) determined under two conditions at 2.0 and 1.56 Å resolutions. The structures rev...

1. Total body, intracellular, and extracellular electrolyte and acid-base changes were studied following sodium nitrate-induced potassium and chloride depletion and subsequent selective chloride repletion. 2. It was found that potassium and chloride depletion was associated with markedly decreased extracellular Na, K, CI and water content. Intracellular Na increased, intracellular K decreased a...

New metal ion complexes of ampicillin were synthesis by two steps, first N-acylation with benzoyl chloride and sebacoyl chloride, In the second step, prepared compounds reacted cupric to form Cu- complexes. FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C UV- visible, Elemental analysis, and, a theoretical study was used distinguish The biological efficacy compound found more active against bacteria.

Ion transport properties of grape root lipids were measured as liquid-membrane permeability. Phosphatidylcholine exchanged chloride very slowly against carbonate and bicarbonate but more rapidly against nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate. Exchange of chloride against nitrate was rather low for the phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine lipid fractions; monogalactose diglyceride was by fa...

This study investigated the chloride penetration of surface-treated concrete in natural and accelerated environments. A part of a real concrete port, including the beams and the columns, was investigated. Concrete specimens cast together with the concrete port were transported to the lab and subjected to wetting and drying cycles for accelerating the ingression of chloride ion. Chloride concent...

Kidney collecting duct principal cells play a key role in regulated tubular reabsorption of water and sodium and secretion of potassium. The importance of this function for the maintenance of the osmotic homeostasis of the whole organism motivates extensive study of the ion transport properties of collecting duct principal cells. We performed experimental measurements of cell volume and intrace...

The results from this study illustrate the first time electrospray ionization-ion mobility spectrometry (ESI-IMS) has been used to separate inorganic cations in aqueous solutions. Using ESI-IMS nine inorganic cation solutions were analyzed. Counter ions affected both the sensitivity and the identity of the response ions. Aluminum sulfate, lanthanum chloride, strontium chloride, uranyl acetate, ...