Over recent years there has been a tendency to target the development of chiral materials for use in healthcare treatments. In such applications and therapies the optical purity is an important factor to consider. Two common materials, that have relevance in bio-medical applications, and which are available in their chiral and racemic forms are menthol and ibuprofen. In this article we quantita...

On any Calabi-Yau manifold X one can define a certain sheaf of chiral N = 2 superconformal field theories, known as the chiral de Rham complex of X. It depends only on the complex structure of X, and its local structure is described by a simple free field theory. We show that the cohomology of this sheaf can be identified with the infinite-volume limit of the half-twisted sigma-model defined by...

We report the discovery of an entirely new three-dimensional (3D) swimming pattern observed in human and horse sperms. This motion is in the form of 'chiral ribbons', where the planar swing of the sperm head occurs on an osculating plane creating in some cases a helical ribbon and in some others a twisted ribbon. The latter, i.e., the twisted ribbon trajectory, also defines a minimal surface, e...

In this review, we discuss the electronic structures, topological properties, correlated states, nonlinear optical responses, as well phonon and electron-phonon coupling effects of moiré graphene superlattices. First, illustrate that topologically non-trivial flat bands orbital magnetism are ubiquitous in various twisted systems. particular, magic-angle bilayer can be explained from a zeroth ps...

2014 There has been, in recent years, a great interest in twisted orientation patterns in static samples of nematic liquid crystals (NLC). Here we investigate the behaviour of such structures when the limiting surfaces induce not planar alignment but homogeneously tilted alignment. It is shown that when the overall twist is equal to 03A0, there exists a critical value of the tilt angle at the s...

Novel nanostructured hybrid electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) yarns with different graphene ratios were prepared using liquid crystal graphene oxide (LCGO) and PAN. It was found that the well-dispersed LCGO were oriented along the fiber axis in an electrified thin liquid jet during electrospinning. The graphene oxide sheets were well dispersed in the polar organic solvent, forming nematic liq...

We fabricate the linear chains of twisted gold nanorods by a facile chiral molecular templating method. In such a chiral plasmonic system, particle-particle separation distances are in the order of the light wavelength and are much larger than the sizes of individual particles. As a result, the inter-particle interactions in this chiral system are mediated mainly by a relatively weak far-field ...

We theoretically investigate under what conditions the director field in a spindle-shaped nematic droplet or tactoid obtains a twisted, parity-broken structure. By minimizing the sum of the bulk elastic and surface energies, we show that a twisted director field is stable if the twist and bend elastic constants are small enough compared to the splay elastic constant, but only if the droplet vol...

In this note, we construct new representations of D = 2, N = 4 supersymmetry which do not involve chiral or twisted chiral multiplets. These multiplets may make it possible to circumvent no-go theorems about N = 4 superspace formulations of WZWN-models.

We conjecture a description of the vertex (chiral) algebras of the (0,2) nonlinear sigma models on smooth quintic threefolds. We provide evidence in favor of the conjecture by connecting our algebras to the cohomology of a twisted chiral de Rham sheaf. We discuss CY/LG correspondence in this setting.