Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata [Lamb.] Hook) is one of the most important plantation tree species in China with good timber quality and fast growth. It covers an area of 8.54 million hectare, which corresponds to 21% of the total plantation area and 32% of total plantation volume in China. With the increasing market demand, an accurate estimation and prediction of merchantable volume at t...

This paper describes the new framework of context-dependent (CD) Initial/Final (IF) acoustic modeling using the decision tree based state tying for continuous Chinese speech recognition. The Extended Initial/Final (XIF) set is chosen as the basic speech recognition unit (SRU) set according to the Chinese language characteristics, which outperforms the standard IF set. An adaptive mixture increa...

A computer simulation model for the heat pump dehumidified air drying for garlic and white mulberry leaves was developed. The Modified Page model was found suitable in describing the drying curves. The computer simulation model was verified against heat pump dehumidified drying data of garlic and white mulberry leaves. The results revealed that drying air temperature and relative humidity influ...

A viroid-like disease causing mosaic leaves and dwarfism was found on mulberry plants in Zhejiang, China. Grafting of stems from infected plants onto healthy plants resulted in the same symptoms on the healthy plants. A circular small RNA (Mmd-v RNA1) was isolated from the infected plant leaves and caused identical symptoms after more than two years. Nucleotide sequencing indicated that the Mmd...

Tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) is currently placed in Order Scandentia and has a wide distribution in Southeast Asia and Southwest China. Due to its unique characteristics, such as small body size, high brain-to-body mass ratio, short reproductive cycle and life span, and low-cost of maintenance, tree shrew has been proposed to be an alternative experimental animal to primates in biomedical rese...

Asian tropical forests are under extreme stress from clearance, fragmentation, and logging. Because Singapore suffered these same impacts in the 19 century, it can act as an early warning system for the region. We identified invasive exotic tree species from a comprehensive survey, assessed their survival and growth in the open and under a forest canopy, and compared their traits with native pi...

This paper is concerned with the problem of heterogeneous dependency parsing. In this paper, we present a novel joint inference scheme, which is able to leverage the consensus information between heterogeneous treebanks in the parsing phase. Different from stacked learning methods (Nivre and McDonald, 2008; Martins et al., 2008), which process the dependency parsing in a pipelined way (e.g., a ...

We propose a novel data-driven rule-based preordering approach, which uses the tree information of multiple syntactic levels. This approach extend the tree-based reordering from one level into multiple levels, which has the capability to process more complicated reordering cases. We have conducted experiments in English-to-Chinese and Chinese-to-English translation directions. Our results show ...