Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant tumor of childhood and usually arises from the cerebellar vermis. Several histological types of medulloblastoma have been described. Myogenic and melanotic differentiated medulloblastoma are seldom seen. We present a case diagnosed as myogenic medulloblastoma with focal areas of melanotic differentiation. A 4-year-old boy was admitted due to headache...

none of the approved immunomodulatory drugs in adults multiple sclerosis (ms) patients have been officially approved for the pediatric patients and are currently used off-label in this population. in this study, we evaluated the effectiveness and tolerability of intramuscular interferon beta1-a (avonex®) and subcutaneously injected interferon beta1-b (betaferon®) in children with definite relap...

background the choice of what parameters are needed for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (mets) has been criticized due to the lack of an actual “gold standard” diagnostic test even in adults. this problem seems to be greater in children and adolescents. objectives stability assessment of factor structure underlying metabolic syndrome (mets) components from childhood to adolescence in a pane...

Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation manifested tumor formation, which physiological disorder. Childhood cancer the leading cause of death in children. Following World Health Organization's emphasis on child health, most governments around world have taken measures to facilitate childhood research. With advent multimodality therapy, it seen that rate from has dec...

Ovarian sex cord stromal tumor is a relatively rare subtype of ovarian neoplasms, consisting of only 8% of all primary ovarian neoplasms, among which sex cord tumor with annular tubules (SCTAT) accounts for only 6% of sex cord stromal tumors. The majority of patients with SCTAT are women at reproductive age. Roughly one-third of the patients have Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), and in cases witho...

BACKGROUND Leiomyosarcomas of the stomach are very rare. At the time of primary diagnosis the tumors are most often in advanced stage and the patients complain of abdominal pain due to large tumor size. Endosonographically, the tumors impress as submucous mass with suspicion to malignancy. Sarcomas following hereditary retinoblastoma in childhood are in generally located in the soft tissue. Str...

The prevalence of BRAFT1799A mutation in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) displays a marked age association: relatively high in adults and exceedingly low in childhood. We report a case of a 12-year-old Japanese female with PTC, the only one case that harbored BRAFT1799A mutation in a series of 46 childhood thyroid cancer tissues. On histology, the findings were so atypical that pathologists...

The Boston Qualitative Scoring System (BQSS) was used as a method to examine executive skills on the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure (ROCF). Young-adult survivors of childhood brain tumor (N = 31) and a demographically-matched comparison group (N = 33) completed the ROCF copy version and Grooved Pegboard, and informants were administered the Scales of Independent Behavior-Revised (SIB-R) and Beha...

background: seizure is the most common pediatric neurologic disorder. epidemiological studies of childhood epilepsy are of importance to compare incidence and prevalence rates, age distribution, inheritance, seizure types, epilepsy syn­dromes and treatment strategies. since there is little information about prevalence of childhood seizure in iran, this study was aimed to determine the life time...

background asthma is a chronic inflammatory air-way disease with increasing prevalence rate during the recent years. there are studies about the relationship between asthma and infectious diseases, including the association between asthma and helicobacter pylori. according to the latest studies, there is an epidemiological correlation between asthma prevalence and prevalence of h. pylori. objec...