A systematic study of the physico-chemical properties of a series of new catanionic surfactants with ionic liquid properties is reported. Importantly, by avoiding environmentally unfriendly halide and imidazolium based moieties highly tunable surfactant ionic liquids have been prepared.

There has been considerable recent interest in density functionals incorporating random phase approximation (RPA) ground-state correlation. By virtue of its full nonlocality, RPA correlation is compatible with exact Hartree-Fock-type exchange and describes van der Waals interactions exceptionally well [B. G. Janesko et al., J. Chem. Phys. 130, 081105 (2009); J. Chem. Phys. 131, 034110 (2009)]. ...

The quest for superheavy elements (SHEs) is driven by the desire to find and explore one of the extreme limits of existence of matter. These elements exist solely due to their nuclear shell stabilization. All 15 presently 'known' SHEs (11 are officially 'discovered' and named) up to element 118 are short-lived and are man-made atom-at-a-time in heavy ion induced nuclear reactions. They are iden...

Polymer-clay nanocomposites exhibit much improved mechanical, physical, and chemical properties compared to the pure polymer. The interaction of polymer and organically modified silicates is mainly influenced by the surfactant layer in the system. To investigate the structure and dynamics of this surfactant layer, various electron paramagnetic spectroscopy (EPR) techniques were applied. Continu...

The dwell times between two successive steps of the two-headed molecular motor myosin V are governed by non-exponential distributions. These distributions have been determined experimentally for various control parameters such as nucleotide concentrations and external load force. First, we use a simplified network representation to determine the dwell time distributions of myosin V, with the as...

In 1903, Arthur Cushny, Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics at the University of Michigan, published an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association entitled “The Pharmacologic Action of Drugs: Is It Determined by Chemical Structure or by Physical Characters(1)?” To a chemist today, this question might seem odd. The physical properties of a drug and its chemical structure...

Turbine is the most important part of hydro power plant which converts the potential energy of water into mechanical energy. The presence of silt in water erodes the turbine material. Erosion of turbine decreases the performance of turbine, life of the turbine as well as loss of power generation. This paper presents a new approach for the study of silt erosion of hydro turbine. In this study, w...

Molecular dynamics simulations are used to probe the structure and stability of alkanethiolate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold nanoparticles. We observed that the surface of gold nanoparticles becomes highly corrugated by the adsorption of the SAMs. Furthermore, as the temperature is increased, the SAMs dissolve into the gold nanoparticle, creating a liquid mixture at temperatures much...

Physicochemical properties of a mineral-based gasoline engine oil have been monitored at 0, 500, 1000, 2000, 3500, 6000, 8500, and 11500 kilometer of operation. Tracing has been performed by inductively coupled plasma and some other techniques. At each series of measurements, the concentrations of twenty four elements as well as physical properties such as: viscosity at 40 and 100°C; viscosity ...