BACKGROUND Pesticides are an agricultural chemical suspected to be a significant contributor to a global diabetes pandemic. The purpose of this study was to confirm previous findings of the link between diabetes and some agricultural pesticides and to identify the particular pesticides that are most likely to pose a risk of diabetes in the community. METHODS A population-based case-controlled...

Executive Summary The NMDOH developed conclusions and recommendations about the potential association of pesticide exposure and Parkinson's disease (PD) based on the literature assessed. Two main categories were analyzed: studies without genetic interactions and studies with genetic interactions. Within these two categories, the following categories of pesticides were identified: 1) general, 2)...

An application of large quantity of agricultural pesticides in rural area is a common practice in order to increase the productivity and yield, to protect the agricultural crop from pests and prevent products lost due to insect and bacterial contamination is a common practice. Resistance and mutation of some pests to chemicals are the causes of using larger quantity of pesticide in the developi...

Interest in the determination and screening of pesticide residues in soil is caused by widespread use of chemical pesticides in agriculture, which increase soil contamination. Two extraction techniques, matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) of residual pesticides (acaricides, insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides) from soil were compared. Advantages and disa...

OBJECTIVE Chronic, low-dose exposure to pesticides is suspected to increase the risk for Parkinson's disease (PD), but data are inconclusive. METHODS We prospectively examined whether individuals exposed to pesticides have higher risk for PD than those not exposed. The study population comprised participants in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort, a longitudinal investigation of U...

The aim of the study was to determine possible DNA damage in floriculturists chronically exposed to pesticides. Leukocytes from 52 workers, 46 environmentally exposed, and 38 control individuals were evaluated with the comet assay. Serum from all individuals was also analyzed for pesticides using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. A statistically significant difference in DNA frag...

Intestinal absorption and brain permeation constitute key parameters of toxicokinetics for pesticides, conditioning their toxicity, including neurotoxicity. However, they remain poorly characterized in humans. The present study was therefore designed to evaluate human intestine and brain permeation for a large set of pesticides (n = 338) belonging to various chemical classes, using an in silico...

Norovirus is the most common cause of viral foodborne illness worldwide. A new study suggests that contaminated water used to dilute or reconstitute agricultural pesticides may be one way the virus is entering the food supply. Farmers mix pesticides with water from sources including wells, irrigation ditches, rivers, and lakes. All these water sources have been known to harbor norovirus. Until ...

Some pesticide chemicals are based on inorganic elements such as sulfur, copper (i.e. copper sulfate ‘Bordeaux mixture’, copper hydroxide, and copper oxychloride), and arsenic salts (i.e. lead arsenate, calcium arsenate, sodium arsenite), or they contain an inorganic element in their chemical structure such as the organometallic pesticides based on manganese dithiocarbamate (maneb), manganese a...

BACKGROUND The design of chemical libraries, an early step in agrochemical discovery programs, is frequently addressed by means of qualitative physicochemical and/or topological rule-based methods. The aim of this study is to develop quantitative estimates of herbicide- (QEH), insecticide- (QEI), fungicide- (QEF), and, finally, pesticide-likeness (QEP). In the assessment of these definitions, w...