Mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, and ochratoxins are contaminants of many agronomic crops worldwide, and cause both economic losses and health effects. The potential of antagonistic microorganisms to be developed into biological control agents has been investigated in several crop systems, as alternatives to chemical fungicides for control of mycotoxigenic fungi. Labor...

Current GM crops are thus far the almost exclusive domain of herbicide and insect resistance traits. The Bt toxins used for insect control have a narrow specificity against lepidopteran and coleopteran pests only. Yet, aphids and thrips are highly important pests worldwide, causing severe direct losses and transmitting devastating viruses such as Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV). So far, few us...

Tetrabenazine (TBZ), a high affinity and specific inhibitor of the vesicular monoamine transporter, has been labeled with carbon-l 1 as a potential probe for in viva positron emission tomographic imaging of monoaminergic neuronal losses in neurodegenerative diseases. [“CITBZ was synthesized by O-[“Clmethylation of the 9-0-desmethylTBZ using [“C]methyl iodide in the presence of tetrabutylammoniu...

Determination of available lysine was used to assess the heat damage produced during the processing of cereals for infant foods. The infant cereals analysed were: wheat, 7 and 8 cereals, rice, rice±corn, rice±corn±soy and oat. Lysine losses during the toasting of ̄ours ranged between 14 and 29%. Roller-drying treatment caused considerable heat damage, with a 53% decrease of available lysine in ...

Ionizing radiation has been widely used in industrial processes, especially in the sterilization of medicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetic products, and in food processing. Similar to other techniques of food processing, irradiation can induce certain alterations that can modify both the chemical composition and the nutritional value of foods. These changes depend on the food composition, the irra...

The total set of the neutrino electron processes in a presence of both components of an active medium, hot dense plasma and strong magnetic field, is investigated for the first time. The contribution of the processes νe → νe, νe → νe, ν → νee, νee → ν is shown to dominate and not to depend on the chemical potential of electron-positron gas. Relatively simple expressions for the probability and ...

most companies in the chemical process industries (CPI) are striving to reduce manufacturing costs and increase production from existing assets. This article discusses how better approaches for plant instrumentation can help you to achieve and sustain these goals. Results at several companies prove that the following savings can be realized: • instrument maintenance costs reduced by greater tha...

The fact that modern Networked Industrial Control Systems (NICS) depend on Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) is well known. Although many studies have focused on the security of NICS, today we still lack a proper understanding of the impact that network parameters, e.g. network delays, packet losses, background traffic, and network design decisions, have on cyber attacks targeti...

Onfarm field trials carried out with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton in different states of India show that the technology substantially reduces pest damage and increases yields. The yield gains are much higher than what has been reported for other countries where genetically modified crops were used mostly to replace and enhance chemical pest control. In many developing countries, small-sca...

This study examines investor reactions to the repeated public disclosure of environmental information about firms in the chemical industry and the effectiveness of this information as a decentralized mechanism for deterring their pollution. It shows that these firms incur statistically significant negative stock market returns during the one day period following the disclosure of the Toxics Rel...