World population and the number of cultural artifacts are growing exponentially or faster, while cultural interaction approaches the fidelity of a global nervous system. Every day hundreds of millions of images are loaded into social networks by users all over the world. As this myriad of new artifacts veils the view into the past, like city lights covering the night sky, it is easy to forget t...

Physiology, which is often viewed as a field of study distinct from development, is technically defined as the branch of biology that explores the normal function of living organisms and their parts. Because plants normally develop continuously throughout their life, plant physiology actually encompasses all developmental processes. Viewing plant biology from a physiologist’s perspective is an ...

Although we see the positive results of information retrieval research embodied throughout the Internet, on our computer desktops, and in many other aspects of daily life, at the same time we notice that people still have a wide variety of difficulties in finding information that is useful in resolving their problematic situations. This suggests that there still remain substantial challenges fo...

Systems like the Red Storm system at Sandia Laboratories provide grand challenges for developers of systems software. While many of the challenges associated with systems like Red Storm are experienced on other systems, like commodity clusters, the sheer magnitude of the system magnifies issues that may seem trivial on less complex systems. The value of taking an integrated approach to many of ...

The computation of ever larger as well as more accurate phylogenetic (evolutionary) trees with the ultimate goal to compute the tree of life represents one of the grand challenges in High Performance Computing (HPC) Bioinformatics. Unfortunately, the size of trees which can be computed in reasonable time based on elaborate evolutionary models is limited by the severe computational cost inherent...

It has been a great relief and pleasure for me to finally see the inaugural issue of the much-anticipated ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems (ACM TMIS) in print and distributed at the recent ICIS meeting in St. Louis, Missouri on December 12–15, 2010. Many thanks to those AEs, advisors, authors, colleagues, and friends who attended our little celebration party at the beautiful c...

MC-PSC (Multi-Criteria Protein Structure Comparison) is one of the GCAs (Grand Challenge Applications) in the field of structural proteomics. The solution of the MC-PSC grand challenge requires the use of distributed algorithms, architectures and environments. This paper is aimed at the analysis of the scalability of our newly developed distributed algorithm for MC-PSC in the grid environment. ...

Owing to the recent great advances in Grid Computing, computational Grids are emerging for solving grand challenge applications. Grid development involves the efficient management of heterogeneous, geographically distributed, and dynamically available resources. However, the huge and complex architecture of grid software is still immature and difficult to user, especially in a large grid comput...

In this position paper, we argue that usable privacy and security is a grand challenge that needs more attention from the HCI community. We also discuss benefits to and new challenges for HCI, and use our research experiences to provide a critique of HCI. Usable Privacy and Security: A Grand Challenge for HCI Jason I. Hong Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh PA 15213

a bstract   background: qualitative research focuses on social world and provides the tools to study health phenomena from the perspective of those experiencing them. identifying the problem, forming the question, and selecting an appropriate methodology and design are some of the initial challenges that researchers encounter in the early stages of any research project. these problems are parti...