Given the proportion of American adults who smoke, even if health professionals only have a small effect on quit rates, the public health impact of this change could potentially be enormous. Yet, health care providers may differ in their cessation efficacy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate recent rigorous trials of smoking cessation counseling among physicians, nurses, dentists, and te...

OBJECTIVES Workplace smoking cessation programs can increase smoking cessation rates, improve employee health, reduce exposure to second-hand smoke, and decrease costs. To assist with the development of such programs, we conducted a Global Workplace Smoking Survey to collect information on workplace attitudes towards smoking cessation programs. METHODS Data were collected from 1,403 employers...

The aim of the study was to explore the time-varying contribution of social cognitive determinants of smoking cessation following an intervention on cessation. Secondary analyses were performed on data from two comparable randomized controlled trials on brief smoking cessation interventions for cardiac in- and outpatients. Cox regression with time-varying covariates was applied to examine the p...

OBJECTIVES To determine what effect driving cessation may have on subsequent health and well-being in older adults. DESIGN Systematic review of the evidence in the research literature on the consequences of driving cessation in older adults. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS Drivers aged 55 and older. MEASUREMENTS Studies pertinent to the health consequences of driving cessation were iden...

INTRODUCTION A Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco working group recommended outcome measures for cessation-induction trials and aid-to-cessation trials. Cessation-induction trials aim to motivate unwilling quitters to make a quit attempt. Aid-to-cessation trials give either medication or behavioral interventions to increase the rate at which willing quitters succeed in their attempts....

BACKGROUND General practitioners (GPs) can contribute substantially to the promotion of smoking cessation in the general population. However, engagement of GPs in helping their patients to quit remains very limited in many countries, including Germany. Therefore, new strategies to foster implementation of evidence-based methods in smoking cessation assistance have to be identified, and data for...

The threeto four-decade lag between peak in smoking prevalence and subsequent peak in smoking-related mortality was a major factor affecting public awareness of the substantial health hazards of tobacco use in developed countries (Lopez et al., 1994). This factor may be applicable to periodontal disease if this disease is chronically affected by smoking epidemic. We searched the literature elec...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of more intensive smoking cessation interventions compared to less intensive interventions on smoking cessation in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials of smoking cessation interventions was conducted. Electronic searches were carried out on the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL a...

based upon them. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Time of beginning of laying in the first year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Time of beginning of laying in the second year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Time of cessation of layin...

OBJECTIVE To summarise the evidence on adolescent and young adult prevention and cessation, and provide future directions for research. DATA SOURCES Data were collected from published literature. Searches for adolescent prevention were conducted using PubMed, PsycInfo, and ERIC; and for cessation, PubMed, and two major reviews that span January 1978 to May 2002. PubMed, PsychInfo, and SCCI we...