background : cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the world and the most common cancer in developing countries. pap smear is and effective tool that can prevent death due to cervical cancer . the aim of this study was to determine the factors related to doing regular pap-smear test based on the theory of planned behavior . methods : in this cross-sectional study, cond...

introduction: increasing incidence of cancers, particularly breast cancer (the third cause of death in iran), the role of information in decision making, policymaking and planning, and the need to assess the status of breast cancer in the country and the world necessitated a research to describe the advantages and disadvantages of the existing information on breast cancer patients. the present ...

introduction: despite wide use of hyoscine by midwives and doctors as an adjunct to labor, the obstetrics literature contains few references to the effect of this drug. this study was a double blinded, randomized controlled trial of primigravidas in iran to determine the effects of hyoscine intravenous injection on parturition (labor). methods:one hundred primigravidas in uncomplicated spontane...

how to cite this article: iibtihel rébai i, benrhouma h, kraoua i, drissi c, ben hammouda m, gouider-khouja n. mirror movements and myelomeningocele: report of a single case and review of literature. iran j child neurol. 2013 summer;7(3):58-61.   objective mirror movements (mm) have been described in several pathological conditions. their association with neural tube defects is rare, and only 5...

background: cervical pregnancy is rare and dangerous form of ectopic pregnancy which can be treated surgically or conservatively. methotrexate is reasonable conservative option with high efficiency and acceptable level of side effects. aim of this paper is to present possible treatment option in case of methotrexate failure, still keeping the postulates of minimal invasive surgery. case:  we de...

Background: Cervical cavernous hemangioma is an extremely rare, benign lesions, and only a few cases are reported. Cervical cavernous Hemangiomas are characterized by an increase in the number of normal and abnormal veins. The majority of these lesions are superficial, often found in the head and neck area, but may also occur in the inner parts of the body. The occurrence of these lesions in th...

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a premalignant lesion capable of progressing to cervical cancer. Despite the existing well-defined criteria, the histomorphologic diagnosis is subject to high rates of discordance among pathologists. The aim of this study was to evaluate Ki-67 (MIB-1), CK17 and p16 INK4a (p16) markers by immunohistochemical methods in differentiating CIN f...

  Background and Objective: To estimate the risk of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection for cervical malignancies, we conducted a case-control study in southern Iran (Hormozgan province). Materials and Methods: For this purpose,52 paraffin embedded blocks with exact diagnosis of cervical carcinoma(50 carcinomas and 2 carcinomas in situ) from 2001 to 2006 and 52 praffin embedded blocks of ce...

Background: Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative process involving changes in soft tissue and bone of intervertebral discs. Objective: To evaluate wrestling induced cervical spondylosis. Methods: 83 male wrestlers with the age range of 15 to 55 were randomly studied against 79 non-wrestlers of the same age. Clinical and radiological assessments were carried out and recorded in both groups. Wr...