AIM To determine the effects of hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (HBB) rectal suppository on labor progress in primigravid women. METHODS A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out on 130 primigravid women admitted for spontaneous labor. The women were recruited based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomized into the experimental (n=65) and control group...

BACKGROUND The effect of epidural analgesia on nulliparous labor and delivery remains controversial. In addition, pregnancy and delivery have long been considered risk factors in the genesis of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). We sought to determine the effect of epidural analgesia and timing of administration on labor course and postpartum SUI. METHODS Five hundred and eighty three nullipa...

OBJECTIVE Review of the literature regarding the relation between the timing of epidural analgesia and the rate of caesarean or instrumental vaginal deliveries. SEARCH STRATEGY Pubmed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles published until 31 July 2010. SELECTION CRITERIA Studies were selected in which the effects of early latent phase (defined as a cervical dilatation o...

OBJECTIVE To quantify adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes associated with elective term delivery at less than 39 completed weeks of gestation. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational study conducted in 27 hospitals over the course of 3 months in 2007. RESULTS Of 17,794 deliveries, 14,955 (84%) occurred at 37 weeks or greater. Of term deliveries, 6562 (44%) were planned, rather than sponta...

Labor pain is caused by contractions of the myometrium, stretching lower segment uterus and cervix, as well uterine muscle ischemia physiological processes that cause pain, fear, worry can impact both mother fetus. One non-pharmacological method for management through encephalins production aromatherapy. The purpose this study was to determine effect lavender aromatherapy inhalation on reducing...

OBJECTIVE To determine if "early rupture of membranes" (early ROM) during induction of labor is associated with an increased risk of cesarean section in term nulliparas. STUDY DESIGN The rate of cesarean section and the timing of ROM during the course of labor were examined in term singleton nulliparas whose labor was induced. Cases were divided into 2 groups according the timing of ROM: 1)"e...

We aimed to evaluate the effect of degree cervical dilatation during physical examination-indicated cerclage presenting with premature and bulging fetal membranes on subsequent neonatal outcomes. Throughout a 10-year period, 72 singleton pregnancies in tertiary unit were included divided into two according pre-cerclage dilatation: Group 1 (n = 33) group 2 39) ≤3 cm > 3 cm, respectively. Latency...