Introduction: Cervical rib is relatively uncommon congenital abnormality that originates from the seventh cervical vertebrae and rarely from the sixth vertebrae. The purpose of this paper is to consider that this abnormal condition is an important cause of neurovascular compression at the thoracic outlet. Methods: In this study all patients who were referred to radiology departm...

background: routine dysplasia screening decreases the rates of cervical cancer. since many women seek gynecological care to secure contraception, it was hypothesized that sterilized women will be less likely to undergo routine cervical cancer screening. prior studies tried to evaluate this relationship, but results were conflicting. the study sought to further explore the sociodemographic and b...

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of conservative treatment in patients with and without cervical ribs and Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS). From so many kinds of conservative treatment in literature, we used a multidisciplinary approach (correction of posture, maximizing muscle endurance and power, stretch shorten muscles, massage for trigger points and maximize th...

background: the accuracy of diagnostic assays in human papillomavirus (hpv) genital infection and cervical cancer has remained a clinical challenge in diagnosis.  evidence indicates that a large proportion of cervical cancer can be prevented through organized care for hpv and testing. countries with low per capita income, such as iran and its neighbours, have no national organized program for c...

background & importance: disc herniation is defined as the prolapsed of material disc into the spinal canal. if the disc fragment is free in spinal canal, it is called sequestration disc fragment. occasionally, alteration in sequestration disc fragment makes the diagnosis of the disc herniation, challenging. case presentation: we reviewed a rare case of the cervical sequestrated disc herniation...

the neck is normally a concave and highly mobile structure. facial and cervical skin is prone to burn scar contracture because of its thin nature. the goal of treatment is to reconstruct this region to achieve a good aesthetic outcome and also normal neck and chin mobilization. this study was conducted to compare the effect of one row of suture and three rows of suture in critical points of the...

background and aim: autoimmune inner ear disease (aied) may accompany certain systemic conditions, such as rheumatoid arth­ritis, and manifest audiovestibular dysfunction. this study aimed to compare the vestibular function between rheumatoid arthritis (ra) patients and normal subjects using cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials and caloric tests. methods: in this cross-sectional study...

female cancer, especially breast and gynecologic cancers are considered multistage disease, highly influenced by risk and protective factors and/or screening preventive modalities. consequences of all these factors result in the trend of change over time.in this comparative study, based on data of national cancer registry of iran 2004 published by iranian ministry of health, age - standard inci...

background and objective: the aim of this study was to compare the screening performance of a new modified liquid-based cytology method (liquiprep™) with conventional pap smear (cp) in a low risk population, using colposcopy followed by histology as “gold standard”. patients and methods:  this cross-sectional study was performed on random referred specimens to a general gynecological clinic in ...