The pathway from the deep cerebellar nuclei to the inferior olive, the source of the climbing fibre input to the cerebellum, inhibits olivary transmission. As climbing fibre activity can depress the background firing of the Purkinje cells, it was suggested that nucleo-olivary (N-O) inhibition is a negative feedback mechanism for regulating Purkinje cell excitability. This suggestion was investi...

Several studies investigated the neural and functional mechanisms underlying action observation in contexts with objects. However, actions seen in everyday life are often embedded in emotional contexts. The neural systems integrating emotion cues in action observation are still poorly understood. Previous findings suggest that the processing of both action and emotion information recruits motor...

nial tumors and are histologically benign (1). A case of the transformation of an epidermoid cyst into a malignant squamous cell carcinoma has seldom been reported (2-7). The malignant transformation may have occurred from pre-existing epidermoid cysts or after the incomplete excision of an epidermoid cyst (5). The treatment of the malignant transformation of an epidermoid cyst varies from surg...

Abstract Background Primary pilocytic astrocytoma of the CPA (Cerebello-pontine angle), in pediatric age group is an extremely rare entity, with just three cases reported so far. It mostly arises from root entry zone cranial nerves found this cistern. Case presentation A 11-year boy presented headache, hearing impairment right ear. Pure tone audiogram and BAER (Brainstem auditory evoked respons...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to describe targeting accuracy in functional neurosurgery using incisionless transcranial magnetic resonance (MR)-guided focused ultrasound technology. METHODS MR examinations were performed before and 2 days after the ultrasound functional neurosurgical treatment to visualize the targets on T2-weighted images and determine their coordinates. Thirty co...