BACKGROUND It is unclear whether Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with skeletal disproportion in adulthood. METHODS Height (Ht), sitting height (SHt) and leg length were studied in 44 children (male: 22), 23 adults (male: 10) with childhood-onset (CO) CD and 26 adults (male: 9) with adult-onset (AO) CD with a median (range) age of 13.7 (10, 17.3), 21.5 (18, 32) and 31.0 (22, 40) years, resp...

The article analyses the interdependencies between the development level of the regions’ social sphere and the level of their competitive power. The author traces the correlation between the level of living (living standards) and the level of the territories’ competitive power by the example of international ratings and statistical data regarding the development of the Russian regions. The stud...

An ideal primary dentition is the indicator of future ideal permanent dentition. Absence of primate or secondary spaces in the primary dentition is expression of disproportion between jaw/tooth sizes. Little information is known on the relationship of spacing and closed dentition with malocclusion in relation to primary and permanent dentition. Hence, the present study was conducted to find the...

© 2012 Dello Staffolo et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Dietary Fiber and Availability of Nutrients: A Case Study on Yoghurt as a Foo...

We report the modeling results of an all-fiber gas detector that uses photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The relative sensitivity of the PCF as a function of the fiber parameters is calculated. Gas-diffusion dynamics that affect the sensor response time is investigated theoretically and experimentally. A practical PCF sensor aiming for high sensitivity gas detection is proposed.

Dyspnea has many characteristics, differing from one clinical state to another. In pulmonary diseases the immediate cause is usually a disproportion between actual ventilation (breathing requirement) and breathing capacity. The hyperventilation of organic pulmonary disease is often mistakenly diagnosed as psychoneurosis. In early cardiac dyspnea, muscular fatigue associated with inadequate card...

Many factors contributed by calf, dam and sire are associated with CD and many of these are interrelated. Deutscher (1988) came to the conclusion that "the primary cause of CD in young cows is due to a disproportion between size of calf (birth weight) and size of birth canal (pelvic size) of the cow." The relationship of these two factors are presented in the figure below quoted by Deutscher (1...

Esthetic anterior dental appearance depends on the alignment, occlusion, and exposure of anterior teeth.1–3 In order to establish adequate alignment and occlusion, the upper and lower incisors need to be proportional in size. Interarch tooth size discrepancy (ITSD) is defined as a disproportion in the mesiodistal dimensions of teeth of opposing dental arches. In the absence of a proportional ma...