User centered design involves the creation of design artifacts such as task and architecture models. It is increasingly accepted that such artifacts cannot effectively be created separately, but instead coevolve incrementally, so that information obtained from the development of one artifact contributes to the development of the others. In user interface development, different people with diffe...

Formative evaluation and iterative prototyping seem an interesting approach for building collaborative learning systems. Our approach to create our software system consisted on iterating successive stages of analysis, specification, implementation and evaluation. At the end, the process turned out to be a five-pass cycle, carried out in two years, with a major reimplementation between the third...

Software design is a complex undertaking. This study delineates and analyses three major constituents of this complexity: the formative element entailed in articulating and reaching closure on a design, the progress imperative entailed in making estimates and tracking status, and the collaboration challenge entailed in learning within and across projects. Empirical data from two small to medium...

Despite continuing debates about the "user" emphasis in HCI, new design approaches, such as interaction design, continue to focus on humans as technology users, constraining the humancenteredness of design outcomes. The paper reviews popular approaches to user-centered design and concludes that these methods are targeted at the closure of technology-centered problems, rather than determining su...

Enhancing World Wide Web developments, the new opportunities for interactivity and flexible access to various media challenge the traditional experience in shaping learning environments for online education. The major difficulties are related to the appropriate development of learning environments in order to achieve a final design, which improves the motivation and the result, and serves the c...

Visualization is the process of mentally establishing, forming, and acknowledging information aptness to externally communicate it. This paper highlights role that visualization methods play in framing design thinking process. We present a conceptual framework showcase explanatory examples regarding each stage process, identifying its purpose advantages. Finally, we attempt suggest use within a...

Activity modeling is a systematic approach to organizing and representing the contextual aspects of tool use that is both well-grounded in an accepted theoretical framework and embedded within a proven design method. Activity theory provides the vocabulary and conceptual framework for understanding the human use of tools and other artifacts. Usage-centered design provides the methodological sca...