Increasing amino acid availability (via infusion or ingestion) at rest or postexercise enhances amino acid transport into human skeletal muscle. It is unknown whether alterations in amino acid availability, from ingesting different dietary proteins, can enhance amino acid transport rates and amino acid transporter (AAT) mRNA expression. We hypothesized that the prolonged hyperaminoacidemia from...

The System L1-type amino acid transporter mediates transport of large neutral amino acids (LNAA) in many mammalian cell-types. LNAA such as leucine are required for full activation of the mTOR-S6K signalling pathway promoting protein synthesis and cell growth. The SLC7A5 (LAT1) catalytic subunit of high-affinity System L1 functions as a glycoprotein-associated heterodimer with the multifunction...

Glutamine together with glucose is essential for body's homeostasis. It is the most abundant amino acid and is involved in many biosynthetic, regulatory and energy production processes. Several membrane transporters which differ in transport modes, ensure glutamine homeostasis by coordinating its absorption, reabsorption and delivery to tissues. These transporters belong to different protein fa...

(0,∞) [MM95]. (2, 1) [BPv94]. (2, 3) [Sel99]. (4, 2) [Sel99]. (6, 1) [Sel99]. (div) [AFW97]. (i, 1) [Cos91]. (Mod2) [BBG91]. (t = 3, 5) [KM91]. −2 [BN92]. 0 [Zag93]. 1 [Cop90, CS99, Kvæ90, Lan96, YR92, Zag93]. 1.4778 · · · [WW97]. 10 [Sou94]. 10000 [Sho99]. 10 [MM91]. 10 [SW94]. 10 [Jae90]. 10 [Bre97]. 10 [Pin93a]. 10 [Sao98]. 10 [HC98]. 125 000 [EM91]. 150 000 [EM91]. 16 [San92]. 19 [CMS92a, D...

There is currently limited data available pertaining to the global characterization of the cell surface proteome. We have implemented a strategy for the comprehensive profiling and identification of surface membrane proteins. This strategy has been applied to cancer cells, including the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma, the A549 lung adenocarcinoma, the LoVo colon adenocarcinoma, and the Sup-B15 acute lym...

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (human herpesvirus 8) binds to adherent target cell surface heparan sulfate molecules via its envelope glycoproteins gB and gpK8.1A, to integrins via gB, to the transporter CD98/xCT complex, and possibly to another molecule(s). This is followed by virus entry overlapping with the induction of preexisting host cell signal pathways, such as focal adh...

To extend our knowledge of target proteins in endothelial cells infected with the meningitis-causing pathogen Neisseria meningitidis, we characterized the interaction between the bacterial and human brain microvascular endothelial cell (HBMEC) monolayers. By use of human cDNA microarrays, transcriptional analysis revealed distinct responses to 4 and 8 h of infection. We also addressed the quest...

Induction of immunotolerance has become a new strategy for treating autoimmune conditions in recent decades. However, so far there is no ideal therapeutics available for clinical use. Medicinal herbs are a promising potential source of immunotolerance inducers. In the current study, we sought first to optimize conditions for a validated cellular model of human Jurkat cells; and then used this m...