INTRODUCTION Vitamin A is important for the integrity and regeneration of respiratory and gastrointestinal epithelia and is involved in regulating human immune function. It has been shown previously that vitamin A has a preventive effect on all-cause and disease specific mortality in children under five. The purpose of this paper was to get a point estimate of efficacy of vitamin A supplementat...

Supplementation with calcium (ca), vitamin d (vit D), zinc has been shown to have a positive effect on bone mineral content (BMC) gain in growth hormone deficient (GHD) children on GH therapy[1]. It is unknown if this gain is sustained after supplement withdrawal. We aimed to investigate the influence of prior supplementation with ca, vitD and zinc on BMC accretion after supplement withdrawal. ...

Obesity is often associated with vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Vitamin D supplementation typically leads to the reductions in serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, as shown in normal weight individuals. Meanwhile, the dose of vitamin D supplementation for the suppression of PTH may differ in overweight and obese adults. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analy...

BACKGROUND Accurate determination of Mg status is important for improving nutritional assessment and clinical risk stratification. OBJECTIVE We aimed to quantify the overall responsiveness of Mg biomarkers to oral Mg supplementation among adults without severe diseases and their dose- and time responses using available data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS We identified 48 ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of combined and individual supplementation of cholecalciferol and levo carnitine on plasma glucose, plasma insulin and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats. METHODS The randomised controlled trial was conducted at the Department of Physiology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, between October 2010 and April 2011. It comprised 80 healthy Sprague Dawley ra...

Creatine (Cr) has been shown to increase the total muscle mass. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Cr supplementation on muscle morphology and swimming performance, using an animal model. Each rat was subjected to exercise 15-minute period daily for the 12 weeks. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: no Cr supplementation (CON), no Cr supplementation and incom...

Methionine deficiency in the presence of a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet aggravates atherogenesis in the cockerel. High-protein, high-vitamin supplementation suppresses the atherogenic effect of a cholesterol-fat-containiiig diet. High-protein supplementation alone had a suppressive effect; high-vitamin supplementation had no effect. However, the combined protein and vitamin supplement was th...

The use of supplements eliminates deficiencies imposed by pasture, increases weight gain in animals and maximizes profits from the activity. objective this study was to evaluate performance, carcass traits meat quality steers grazing systems that received or did not receive a protein energy supplement at level 0.6 % body weight. experiment lasted 160 days included 36 Brangus × Zebu animals. Eig...

Although replacement of dietary saturated fat with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and PUFA) has been advocated for the reduction of cardiovascular disease risk, diets high in PUFA could increase low density lipoprotein (LDL) susceptibility to oxidation, potentially contributing to the pathology of atherosclerosis. To investigate this possibility, 15 postmenopausal women i...

BACKGROUND HIV and TB infections are both associated with elevated oxidative stress parameters. Anti-oxidant supplementation may offer beneficial effects in positively modulating oxidative stress parameters in HIV and HIV-TB infected patients. We investigated the effects of vitamin A and C supplementation on oxidative stress in HIV infected and HIV-TB co-infected subjects. METHODS 40 HIV/TB c...