exposure to stress leads to physiological changes called “stress response” which are the result of the changes in the adrenomedullary hormone system, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) and sympathetic nervous system (sns) activity. in the present study, the effects of chronic physical and psychological stress and also the role of sympathetic system effects in stress on ischemia/reperfusion (i...

Thematic Units Arrhythmias and Electrophysiology Basic Research Bioengineering and Medical Informatics Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Cardiomyopathies Cardiovascular Nursing Cardiovascular Pharmacology Cardiovascular Surgery Chagas Disease Echocardiography Epidemiology and Cardiovascular Prevention Heart Failure Hemodynamics Cardiovascular Interventions High Blood Pressure Ischemic Heart Disea...

Received January 30, 2012; accepted May 15, 2012. From the Referral Center for Cardiomyopathies, Careggi University Hospital (I.O., F.C.) and Department of Physiology, University of Florence (C.P.), Florence, Italy; and Heart Science Center, Imperial College London, Harefield, United Kingdom (M.H.Y.). Correspondence to Iacopo Olivotto, MD, Centro di Riferimento per le Cardiomiopatie, Azienda Os...

Background Late failure of systemic right and single ventricles is difficult to predict. Approximately 1/3 of subjects with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) have congestive heart failure by the fifth decade and 2/3 of subjects with ccTGA and significant associated defects have congestive heart failure by the age of 45 years. Perfusion defects have been identifi...

Heart failure is a complex pathophysiological syndrome that can occur in children from a variety of diseases, including cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, and congenital heart disease. The condition is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality and places a significant burden on families of affected children and to society as a whole. Current medical therapy is taken largely from the ma...

Most models of human hemodynamics describe only a small part physiological mechanisms that directly or indirectly alter activities the heart pump and vascular tones. Therefore, very narrow range tasks related to cardiovascular physiology can be solved using these models. To essentially widen this range, special software based on quantitative providing overall control circulation is created. In ...

Autonomic nervous system plays an important role in the regulation of mammalian heart, and it is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic (vagal) subsystems. The parasympathetic (vagal) control of the atria involves modulation of chronotropic, dromotropic and inotropic activities, but the role of the parasympathetic innervation of the ventricles is still unclear. There is a common misco...

Definition Cardiomyopathies (CMPs) are a group of diseases with multiple etiologies and heterogeneous phenotypes, ranging from microscopic changes in cardiomyocytes asymptomatic patients to cases fulminant heart failure fluid retention, perfusion rhythm changes. A CMP was initially defined as muscle disease caused by genetic defects, myocyte injury or myocardial infiltration, characterized stru...

By definition, myocardiopathies or cardiomyopathies (CM) are heart muscle diseases that cause structural and functional myocardial abnormalities in the absence of coronary artery disease, hypertension, valvular congenital disease., CM constitute a very heterogeneous group one leading causes death either from end-stage failure sudden due to arrythmias. According phenotype, may be classified into...

The calculated systolic, diastolic and mean pulmonary artery pressure, the ratio of sizes right left ventricles heart, eccentricity index ventricle, systolic excursion fibrous ring tricuspid valve, movement myocardium at level valve area atrium are main echocardiographic indicators for assessing idiopathic similar forms hypertension according to current Russian, Eurasian European guidelines in ...