In spite of the frequent involvement of many cardiac diseases, it is difficult to evaluate the left ventricular apex in detail with transthoracic echocardiography, a first-line imaging modality in cardiovascular diseases, because the apex is very closely located at the echocardiographic probe. Cardiac magnetic resonance enables us to evaluate the cardiac apex without any limitation to the image...

Congenital heart diseases are the most common birth defects, occurring in more than 1% of newborns. The gene regulatory network of cardiac development has been revealed and some cases of congenital heart diseases have been shown to be associated with cardiac-specific gene mutations or related chromosomal abnormalities; however, almost all cases of congenital heart diseases are sporadic and the ...

Pediatric cardiology is outgrowing from the shadows of adult cardiology and cardiac surgery departments in India. It promises to be an attractive and sought-after subspeciality of Pediatrics, dealing with not only congenital cardiac diseases but also metabolic, rheumatic and host of other cardiac diseases. The new government policy shall provide more training avenues for the budding pediatric c...

patients and methods this retrospective study used a database of a cr ward of a hospital in iran. the demographic and clinical information of 574 patients participating in the cr program from april 2005 through april 2010 were analyzed. in order to determine the predictors of anxiety, binary logistic regression was performed. results after adjustment for gender, age and education, the results s...

The mitochondrial cytopathies or oxidative-phosphorylation diseases are a diverse group of disorders that result from the structural, biochemical, or genetic derangement of mitochondria. Because mitochondrial dysfunction can affect the most highly energy-dependent organs, cardiac involvement is frequent in these diseases. To identify the clinical features of Kearns-Sayre syndrome, an entity ass...

The high prevalence of heart disease makes dentists often meet patients with this condition. Cardiac disorders commonly encountered in dental practice include hypertension, ischemic disease, cardiac arrhythmias, infective endocarditis, and arrhythmias. These required special consideration adequate understanding the cardiovascular conditions necessary to provide safe effective care. Based on con...

Cardiovascular diseases are considered one of the major causes human death globally. Myocardial infarction (MI), characterized by a diminished flow blood to heart, presents highest rate morbidity and mortality among all other cardiovascular diseases. These fatal effects have triggered need for early diagnosis appropriate biomarkers so that countermeasures can be taken. Cardiac troponin, central...

Hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure (HF) are widespread and debilitating cardiovascular diseases that affect nearly 23 million people worldwide. A distinctive hallmark of these cardiovascular diseases is autonomic imbalance, with increased sympathetic activity and decreased parasympathetic vagal tone. Recent device-based approaches, such as implantable vagal stimulators that st...