BACKGROUND Advancements in tracheostomy tube design now provide clinicians with a range of options to facilitate communication for individuals receiving ventilator assistance through a cuffed tube. Little is known about the impact of these modern design features on resistance to air flow. METHODS We undertook a bench model test to measure pressure-flow characteristics and resistance of a rang...

Reduced intracranial pressure is considered a risk factor for glaucomatous optic neuropathies. All current data supporting intracranial pressure as a glaucoma risk factor comes from retrospective and prospective studies. Unfortunately, there are no relevant animal models for investigating this link experimentally. Here we report a novel rat model that can be used to study the role of intracrani...

Accepted January 23, 1984 It is well recognized that the pH of the perfusing fluid is one of the important factors involved in the control of vascular reactivity. Respiratory acidosis diminishes the effect of vasoconstrictor substances on blood vessels (1). Rogers et al. (2) demonstrated that increasing pH potentiated the increase in perfusion pressure to administered catechol amines in isolate...

Intravenous cannulation is a cornerstone of today's medical practice. Maintaining a single indwelling intravenous (IV) cannula for long duration is limited by the development of superficial thrombophlebitis (ST). It is a self limiting inflammation and thrombosis of superficial veins. ST presents with fever, pain, erythema, tenderness and cord like swelling. The incidence of ST is high and usual...

During bronchoscopy hypoxemia is commonly found and oxygen supply can be delivered by interfaces fed with high gas flows. Recently, the high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been introduced for oxygen therapy in adults, but they have not been used so far during bronchoscopy in adults. Forty-five patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups receiving oxygen: 40 L/min through a Venturi mask (V40, N =...

OBJECTIVE There are several types of treatment modalities for wrist ganglions. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of cyst aspiration and methyl prednisolone acetate injection with double IV cannula rather than sharp pointed needle, as a new technique in the treatment of volar ganglia. METHODOLOGY The study involves total of 19 patients who received treatment by aspiration an...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the initial clinical performance of a prototype injection control device (ICD) to facilitate fat grafting by injection. METHODS An ICD, which mechanically couples the act of withdrawing the cannula with the act of depressing the plunger, was fabricated for the purpose of facial fat grafting. The action of the device results in deposition of consistent threads of fat havi...

Intra-nasal oxygen was introduced by Arbuthnot Lane in 1907, using rubber nasal catheters. This approach was advocated by Adrian Stokes for use in critically ill victims of phosgene gas warfare during World War I.1 However, placement of rubber catheters into the nasal cavity (and often removal) was quite uncomfortable and required some skill (it makes our eyes water just thinking about the proc...

The esophageal fistula fitted with various types of cannulae provides a popular technique for estimating dietary constituents of range animals. Cannulae are continually being modified to minimize cost, weight, and animal stress, while maximizing efficiency and durability. Types of cannulae have been adequately described by Van Dyne and Ton-e11 (1964). Construction materials mentioned included l...

Demand oxygen systems have been shown to be effective in treating hypoxemia during seated rest and during exercise, but the performance of these systems during sleep has not been previously studied. We compared the efficacy of a new demand oxygen saver system with that of continuous flow nasal oxygen during the usual activities of daily life including sleep, seated rest, and exercise. Six hypox...