This paper presents results from a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based parametric design study of two-dimensional downwind sail sections. By varying draft and camber a range of sail shapes are generated that cover the typical range of an America’s Cup Class (ACC) downwind sail inventory. In order to reduce simulation times only a solitary downwind sail is used, i.e., the influence of the m...

The RS:X Olympic sailboard is an all-round board designed to be raced in 4 to 25 knots of wind, and is an example of the current state-of-the-art in sailboard design. This board has been chosen as the specific example for an overview of sailboard aero-hydrodynamics. The current article brings together previous research on sailboard sail and fin lift, and applies it to the case of the RS:X sailb...

We report a comprehensive scaling law and novel lift generation mechanisms relevant to the aerodynamic functions of structural flexibility in insect flight. Using a Navier-Stokes equation solver, fully coupled to a structural dynamics solver, we consider the hovering motion of a wing of insect size, in which the dynamics of fluid-structure interaction leads to passive wing rotation. Lift genera...

This paper deals with modeling of the contour evolution of heavy plates in hot rolling. During the rolling process asymmetric rolling conditions, such as temperature gradients or non-homogeneous input thickness profiles, may lead to a non-rectangular plate contour. A continuum mechanics approach is employed to systematically derive the contour evolution of the plate based on the input and outpu...

A flap can be used to control wing camber and as a high-lift device. convex corner is simplified model of the upper surface flap. At transonic speeds, shock-induced boundary layer separation (SIBLS) occurs at greater freestream Mach numbers deflection angles. This results in energy losses reduction aerodynamic performance. study installs ramp-type vortex generators (VGs) upstream corner, effect...