The temporal evolution of the scientific world can also be delineated in the map. In particular, this map clearly shows a linear structure of the scientific world, which contains three major domains including physical sciences , life sciences, and medical sciences. The interaction of various knowledge fields can be clearly seen from this scientific world map. This approach can be applied to var...

Purpose: Against a backdrop of continued weak economic conditions and with many firms experiencing declining financial performance, this paper presents a synthesis of the business turnaround literature. It aims to identify which turnaround and recovery strategies have been effective historically, based on the evidence provided by previous empirical research. Design/methodology/approach: We revi...

This contribution highlights the challenges of implementing ISO 26262 to an industrial E/E verification and testing environment. A methodology to obtain a verification plan and an adequate test strategy in order to meet ISO 26262 requirements is presented and evaluated in an in-house project.

Assessment of population structure is often used to detect and analyse the impact on marine fauna of environmental factors or commercial fishing. A primary tool in the characterisation of population structure is the distribution of the lengths of a large sample of individual specimens of a particular species. Rather than use relatively unreliable visual estimates by SCUBA divers, an under-water...

An in-vessel calibration light source (ICLS) is proposed for use during extended shutdown periods of the Joint European Torus (JET). The ICLS is primarily a 12 in. integrating sphere (4 in. opening) with four lamps (of known radiance), which can be positioned inside the JET vacuum vessel via the remote handling arm during interventions in the JET operating schedule. This will facilitate the in ...

Calibration is a concept that tries to formalize a notion of quality for forecasters. For example, suppose a weatherman predicts each day whether the it will rain, or be sunny. Typically forecasters will predict such events in terms of probabilities, i.e., “There is a 30% chance of rain.” Given only the outcome that day, it is impossible to judge the quality of such a forecast. However, if we c...

With high sensitivity imaging arrays, accurate calibration is essential to achieve the limits of detection of space observatories. One can simultaneously extract information about the scene being observed and the calibration properties of the detector and imaging system from redundant dithered images of a scene. There are large differences in the effectiveness of dithering strategies for allowi...

This article de nes a complement of a function and conditions for existence of such a complement function and presents few algorithms to construct a complement.