introduction: the key characteristics of positron emission tomography (pet) are its quantitative capability and its sensitivity, which allow the in vivo imaging of biochemical interactions with small amounts of tracer concentrations. therefore, accurate quantification is important. however, it can be sensitive to several physical factors. the aim of this investigation is the assessment of the e...

background: palladium-103 (103pd) is a brachytherapy source for cancer treatment. the monte carlo codes are usually applied for dose distribution and effect of shieldings. monte carlo calculation of dose distribution in water phantom due to a med3633 103pd source is presented in this work. materials and methods: the dose distribution around the 103pd model med3633 located in the center of 30×30...

This paper describes a practical algorithm based on Monte Carlo simulation for the pricing of multi-dimensional American (i.e., continuously exercisable) and Bermudan (i.e., discretelyexercisable) options. The method generates both lower and upper bounds for the Bermudan option price and hence gives valid confidence intervals for the true value. Lower bounds can be generated using any number of...

After a critical literature review, this paper studies the risk of enterprise investment in human capital education from two aspects, economics and management. It firstly analyzes the main computation steps and simulation procedure of Monte Carlo Method, and then, with relevant case studies, probes into the employee efficiency development risk of that investment, the result of which shows that ...

Analysis and design of structural systems always requires the treatment of uncertainties by using statistical and probabilistic concepts so this can be done in a rational way. It is shown that traditional, deterministic concepts can be easily extended to account for uncertainties. The so-called Monte Carlo Simulation procedures are the key for these developments. By this method, deterministic m...

Path integral Monte Carlo is an exact simulation method for calculating thermodynamic properties of bosonic systems. Properties such as superfluidity and bose condensation are directly related to multiparticle exchange cycles of individual particle paths. Such calculations of bosonic systems in confined geometries, such as helium and hydrogen on surfaces and in droplets are reviewed. © 2001 Ame...

Performance of the generalized shadow hybrid Monte Carlo (GSHMC) method [1], which proved to be superior in sampling efficiency over its predecessors [2–4], molecular dynamics and hybrid Monte Carlo, can be further improved by combining it with multi-time-stepping (MTS) and mollification of slow forces. We demonstrate that the comparatively simple modifications of the method not only lead to be...

Introduction CR-39 detectors are widely used for Radon and progeny measurement in the air. In this paper, using the Monte Carlo simulation, the possibility of using the CR-39 for direct measurement of Radon and progeny in water is investigated. Materials and Methods Assuming the random position and angle of alpha particle emitted by Radon and progeny, alpha energy and angular spectrum that arri...

This paper proposes a stochastic finite difference approach, based onhomogenous chaos expansion (SFDHC).The said approach can handle time dependent nonlinear as well as linear systems with deterministic or stochastic initial and boundary conditions. In this approach, included stochastic parameters are modeled as second-order stochastic processes and are expanded using KarhunenLoève expansion, w...