Schillings, Maartje L., Dick F. Stegeman, and Machiel J. Zwarts. Determining central activation failure and peripheral fatigue in the course of sustained maximal voluntary contractions: a modelbased approach. J Appl Physiol 98: 2292–2297, 2005. First published February 10, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01342.2004.—In the study of fatigue, several methods have been used to calculate the develop...

Purpose: Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tumor stroma play an important role in tumor progression and have been associated with a poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, how CAFs influence OSCC malignancy and whether normalizing CAFs inhibits cancer progression remain unclear. Experimental Design: The relationship between the expression of Galectin-1 (Gal-1) a...

Insulin resistance during pregnancy is counteracted by enhanced insulin secretion. This condition is aggravated by obesity, which increases the risk of gestational diabetes. Therefore, pancreatic islet functionality was investigated in control nonpregnant (C) and pregnant (CP), and cafeteria diet-fed nonpregnant (Caf), and pregnant (CafP) obese rats. Isolated islets were used for measurements o...

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. Several animal models of obesity exist, but studies are lacking that compare traditional lard-based high fat diets (HFD) to "Cafeteria diets" (CAF) consisting of nutrient poor human junk food. Our previous work demonstrated the rapid and severe obesogenic and inflammatory consequences of CAF compared to HFD including rapid weight gain, markers...

BACKGROUND Abnormal Ca2+ handling may contribute to impaired atrial contractility and arrhythmogenesis in human chronic atrial fibrillation (cAF). Here, we assessed the phosphorylation levels of key proteins involved in altered Ca2+ handling and contractility in cAF patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Total and phosphorylation levels of Ca2+-handling and myofilament proteins were analyzed by Wester...

Dun, Wen, Parag Chandra, Peter Danilo, Jr., Michael R. Rosen, and Penelope A. Boyden. Chronic atrial fibrillation does not further decrease outward currents. It increases them. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 285: H1378–H1384, 2003; 10.1152/ajpheart.00137.2003.—Rapid atrial pacing causes electrical remodeling that leads to atrial fibrillation (AF). AF can further remodel atrial electrophysiolog...

Canine and feline cardiac Z-lines and Z-rods were examined by electron microscopy before and after digestion of muscle fibers with Ca2+-activated protease (CAF). Removal by CAF of electron-dense material which covers Z-lines and Z-rods exposed interdigitating longitudinal filaments (6-7 nm in diameter) apparently continuous with thin filaments of the respective I-bands. The newly exposed longit...

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an emerging target for cancer therapy as they promote tumour growth and metastatic potential. However, CAF targeting is complicated by the lack of knowledge-based strategies aiming to selectively eliminate these cells. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that a pro-inflammatory microenvironment (e.g. ROS and cytokines) promotes CAF formation d...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between serum C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF) concentrations and neuromuscular fatigue in older adults. METHODS Twenty-two healthy older men and women volunteered for this study. Resting fasted blood samples were collected and prepared for measurement of serum CAF concentration by a commercially available ELISA kit. The onset ...

In the present paper, the sorption properties of caffeine (CAF) onto polyether type polyurethane foam (PUF) as solid phase sorbent were investigated with UV determination at 274.3 nm. Batch and column methods were used to optimize chemical, flow, kinetic and isothermal conditions for preconcentration of CAF. Results indicated quantitative sorption of CAF at pH 8 and 30 min shaking time. The max...