Following several clinical cases of suspected bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) on three Namibian cattle farms, a serological survey was conducted on bovine, ovine, caprine and wild ruminant sera originating from different regions of the country. Neutralizing antibodies to BVD virus (BVDV) were detected in 58% of 1,014 cattle sera, 14% of 618 sheep sera and 4.6% of 1,118 goat sera. Sera from seven o...

Background: The bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes mucosal lesions, respiratory disorders, spontaneous abortion, congenital abnormalities, and stillbirth in cattle and wild ruminant populations worldwide. Clinical categories of BVDV infection include persistent subclinical infection, acute transient infection, and mucosal disease. Virus neutralization, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (...

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an economically important pathogen of the livestock industry worldwide. BVDV is classified into cytopathic (cp) and noncytopathic (ncp), depending on its effects on cultured cells. BVDV is known to alter the host’s immune response. Of this, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules play a central role in the development and function of the i...

The genus Pestivirus comprises four established species: Bovine viral diarrhoea viruses 1 (BVDV-1) and 2 (BVDV-2), Border disease virus (BDV), and Classical swine fever virus (CSFV); and a tentative species, Pestivirus of giraffe. Additional pestiviruses have been identified and suggested for recognition as novel subgroups/species. To achieve a reliable phylogeny as the basis for classification...

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an economically significant pathogen of cattle and a problematic contaminant in the laboratory. BVDV is often used as an in vitro model for hepatitis C virus during drug discovery efforts. Aromatic dicationic molecules have exhibited inhibitory activity against several RNA viruses. Thus, the purpose of this research was to develop and apply a method for scr...

This study was directed at the evaluation of the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection in bulls in artificial insemination centers. Both serological and virological examinations were performed. Blood samples were tested in micro-seroneutralization test for BVDV antibodies. Virus isolation was performed in cell culture and BVDV antigen was detected in an indirect immunofluor...

Blood samples were collected from 1328 dairy cows of different parities in 46 herds in two regions of South Korea and tested for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) for the detection of viral sequences in whole blood and by a commercial elisa for the detection of bvdv-specific antibodies. None of the animals was positive by RT-PCR but 770 (58 per cent) were...

IN the 15 years since the last In Practice article on bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) (Brownlie 1985), there has been an explosion in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of viral replication and mutation, especially those related to biotypic variation. Hand in hand has come a greater understanding of the importance of BVDV as a primary pathogen of cattle, particularly as a cause o...

The serum-neutralization (SN) and the indirect-immunofluorescence (IIF) assays have invariably been used for detecting antibodies against bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in cattle sera. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied which has a sensitivity comparable with the SN and IIF in detecting antibody to BVDV. A total of 472 bovine sera were assayed and a high prevalence of...

Field isolates of BVDV which do not show the exaltation of Newcastle disease virus (END) phenomenon (END(-)) are rarely reported. In this study, 45 BVDV field isolates from cattle in Hokkaido prefecture in Japan were analyzed by the reverse plaque formation method, the END method and observation of cytopathic effects. END(-) virus was detected in 34 of 45 isolates (75.6%), although 35 of 45 fie...