Data sparsity is a large problem in natural language processing that refers to the fact that language is a system of rare events, so varied and complex, that even using an extremely large corpus, we can never accurately model all possible strings of words. This paper examines the use of skip-grams (a technique where by n-grams are still stored to model language, but they allow for tokens to be ...

eCAM continues as it began in its quest for providing linkages and revealing the interdependence of basic science and clinical analyses. If one examines the 50 most cited papers for the month of June 2009, it is difficult to determine what is purely clinical and what is basic science; there is significant overlap and blurring. To clarify, one way is to define as clinical any investigations that...

A long-term animal toxicity study claiming adverse effects of genetically engineered (GE) corn 1 has caused an international maelstrom. The study examined how exposure to the herbicide Roundup® and NK603 Roundup Ready® maize (GE corn engineered to withstand glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup) affected Sprague-Dawley rats over a 2-year period, roughly equivalent to 65 years in humans. ...

Climate change can endanger human health and life – either directly through disasters or by damaging the productivity of critical development resources such as crops and livestock, forest, fisheries and water. To avoid this, we have to consider and anticipate climate change risks when deciding, e.g. where and how to build infrastructure, what crops to plant and when to plant them, what species ...