this study purported to compare and contrast the use of self-mention and evidentials as two mtadiscourse features in opinion columns of persian and english newspapers. the theoretical basis of this study is the idea that metadiscourse features vary across cultural boundaries. for this purpose, 150 persian and 150 english opinion columns were collected based on three factors of topic, audience a...

خو ددرمانی و درخواست داروی بدون نسخه ، به دلایل صرفه جویی در وقت و هزینه ، امری رایج در اغلب کشورها است. درخواست دارو ممکن است شامل داروهای ‏‎pom(presciption only medicines)‎‏ یا ‏‎otc(over the counter)‎‏ باشد. میزان اطلاع درخواست کنندگان این داروها معمولا محدود و گاهی نادرست می باشد. در این مطالعه پس از انتخاب چند داروخانه در سطح شهرستان اردبیل با روش نمونه برداری تصادفی و طراحی پرسشنامه ، برا...

learning-oriented assessment seeks to emphasise that a fundamental purpose of assessment should be to promote learning. it mirrors formative assessment and assessment for learning processes. it can be defined as actions undertaken by teachers and / or students, which provide feedback for the improvement of teaching and learning. it also contrasts with equally important measurement-focused appro...

during the process of reading, sometimes learners use ineffective and inefficient strategies and some factors may influence their use of strategies. perhaps critical thinking is one of these factors. this study aims to identify those categories of reading strategies that are mostly used by iranian efl learners and to see if there is any significant relationship between the critical thinking abi...

among the low–dimensional allotropes of carbon, nanotubes and graphene have attracted very much attention from nano–science and nanotechnology specialists. they have been proposed as building blocks in nanometer device engineering. however, these structures are not defect–free. in this thesis, we focused on defective carbon nanotubes and graphene, and studied the effect of couple of very common...

the present study sought to investigate the impact of using mind-mapping technique instruction on female elementary efl learners reading comprehension; it also investigated their attitudes towards using mind-mapping technique as a tool to improve their reading comprehension. this study followed a quasi-experimental design with two intact groups as experimental, and control groups. the participa...

Introduction: In modern economics, equity objectives are the main reasons for government intervention. Dispensation policies are not only related to economic outcomes (such as income, etc.), but encompass other issues such as education, health and social services. This has led to entrusting the provision of social health and educational needs to the government. The purpose of this study was to ...