metonymy is one of the ambiguous factors in the literary eloquence. yakobson in his discussion about figurative and metaphoric poles of the language, considers figure substituting process on the vicinity basis and he takes it into account as an obvious characteristic of the prose. where as figure in literary eloquence, especially in contemporary poetry, is considered as an eloquent element beca...

Unitary language constitutes the theoretical expression of the historical processes of linguistic unification and centralization, an expression of the centripetal forces of language. A unitary language is not something given but is always in essence posited—and at every moment of its linguistic life it is opposed to the realities of heteroglossia. But at the same time it makes its real presence...

Since the emergence in the 1960s of English Language as a university subject in its own right, the relationship between the study of literature and the study of language has often been one of bitter rivalry. Literary critics have railed against the ‘cold’, ‘scientific’ approach used by scholars of language in their analyses of literary texts, whilst linguists have accused their literary colleag...

managers in the organization require the right information to decide. sometimes those around the manager may avoid providing correct but disturbing information to the manager who may be deceived by the false praise. flattery destroys confidence and demeans the flattered. it also hurts the flatterer by destroying his or her credibility and integrity. in islamic and literary texts there are many ...

This paper aims at emphasizing the use of literature as a popular technique for teaching both basic language skills (i.e. reading, writing, listening and speaking) and language areas (i.e. vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation) in our times. Reasons for using literary texts in foreign language classroom and main criteria for selecting suitable literary texts in foreign language classes are stre...

Farshid Sadatsharifi has been visiting scholar at the Institute of Islamic Studies in McGill University, Montreal, Canada since 2016. He received his PhD and MA in Persian Language and Literature from Shiraz University, Iran. He also completed his post-doc fellowship in Interdisciplinary Approaches to Literature at the same university. Dr. Sadatsharifi is the co-founder and director of Samaak I...

The use of literary texts in teaching language has varied from the strict focus on translation and essential grammar vocabulary lists derived text to more creative uses like acting, writing debating. Nowadays, communicative approach prevails most classrooms insists immersing students into both target culture. In this paper, author argues that accomplish this, one can a number ways help learn, p...

based on how formal a conversation is, how much familiar the speaker and the listeners are with each other and how distant is the speaker's social status from the listener's one, the speaker uses certain forms of language known as styles of language. linguistic styles are different from language varieties. selection of the styles depends on definite social situations and the kind of r...