BACKGROUND In healthy volunteers, the single-breath diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) decreases and DLCO normalized per liter alveolar volume (VA; DLCO/VA) increases if VA is decreased. We hypothesized that comparison of DLCO/VA with its predicted value at predicted total lung capacity (TLC) will result in an underestimation of the diffusion disorder in patients with a r...

Background: Vitamin A (VA; retinol) supplementation is widely used to reduce child mortality in low-income countries. However, existing research suggests that supplementation with VA alone may not be optimal for infants. Objective: We compared the effect of VA with VA combined with retinoic acid (VARA) on retinol uptake and turnover in organs of neonatal rats raised under VA-marginal conditions...

Hospitalization to initiate hemodialysis (HD) through temporary catheterization and subsequent creation of permanent vascular access (VA) is costly. Therefore, we studied the influence of the timing of VA creation on medical expenses, length of stay (LOS) and 1-year primary patency rate in incident HD patients. We analyzed the medical expenses associated with hospitalization and LOS at VA creat...

BACKGROUND More than half of veterans who use Veterans Health Administration (VA) care are also eligible for Medicare via disability or age, but no prior studies have examined variation in use of outpatient services by Medicare-eligible veterans across health system, type of care or time. OBJECTIVES To examine differences in use of VA and Medicare outpatient services by disability-eligible or...

purpose: to determine the visual and anatomical outcomes and complications of vitrectomy for non-traumatic non-diabetic vitreous hemorrhage (ndvh) and to report the causes of the condition among patients at labbafinejad medical center, tehran-iran, from 1993 to 2003. method: records of patients who underwent vitrectomy for non-traumatic ndvh with 6 months follow up were reviewed for demographic...

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and located on the southwestern part of the country. Its capital is Shahrekord. It has an area of 16,332 square kilometers and a population of 857,910. To study of human development used the Surplus Biocappacity (SB) and Human Development Index (HDI). This research accrued in the shahr-e-kord, Boroojen, Farsan, Ardal, Lordega...

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and located on the southwestern part of the country. Its capital is Shahrekord. It has an area of 16,332 square kilometers and a population of 857,910. To study of human development used the Surplus Biocappacity (SB) and Human Development Index (HDI). This research accrued in the shahr-e-kord, Boroojen, Farsan, Ardal, Lordega...

Feeding behavior is critical for survival. In addition to providing all of the body's macronutrients (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) and most micronutrients (minerals and vitamins), feeding behavior is a fundamental aspect of energy homeostasis, the process by which body fuel stored in the form of adipose tissue is held constant over long intervals. For this process to occur, the amount o...

The constructs of mental health and happiness overlap with each other to a substantial degree. Positive or negative feelings are intrinsic to each and to their opposites, and the constructs, although distinct, have partly similar causes and consequences. The vitamin model summarized here originated primarily as a perspective on mental health (Warr, 1987) but has since been applied mainly to hap...

a Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, United States c Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Rich...