Optical Burst Switching (OBS) is a new paradigm proposed to efficiently support the ever-growing broadband traffic over WDM networks. In OBS networks, an important issue is how to improve the efficiency of the scheduling algorithm. In this paper, a new control packet buffering scheme “PipeLine System” is introduced to buffer a certain number of control packets in order to collect more informati...

BACKGROUND The diagnostic utility of saliva is currently being explored in various branches of dentistry, remarkably in the field of caries research. This study was aimed to determine if assessment of salivary pH and buffering capacity would serve as reliable tools in risk prediction of early childhood caries (ECC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Paraffin-stimulated salivary samples were collected fro...

The objective of this article is to evaluate salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity of saliva in pregnant and non pregnant women. The present study was a comparison between 30 pregnant women in their third trimester and 30 non pregnant women, in the age group of 19-34 years. The salivary flow, pH, and buffering capacity was measured using Saliva-check BUFFER kit (GC Corporation). Both un...

Smoothing traffic flows at the network edge to reduce their burstiness has been shown to have significant benefits for videoon-demand systems and deterministic services. In this paper, we investigate the relative abilities of smoothing and buffering to improve a network’s admissible region for end-to-end delay-bounded statistical services. In single multiplexer systems, we show that buffering o...

In this work, poly(acrylic acid-co-sodium acrylate) P(AA-SA) latex particles were prepared by inverse miniemulsion polymerization and used as a pH buffering agent for application. The polymerization was quickly initiated by a redox initiator (ammonium persulfate/sodium metabisulfite) at 0-5 degrees C. Thus the possibility of monomer dissolving in a solvent was reduced, which enhanced the degree...

Negative feedback from horizontal cells to cone photoreceptors is regarded as the critical pathway for the formation of the antagonistic surround of retinal neurons, yet the mechanism by which horizontal cells accomplish negative feedback has been difficult to determine. Recent evidence suggests that feedback uses a novel, non-GABAergic pathway that directly modulates the calcium current in con...

Buffering of "metabolic" acid in tissues other than blood correlates closely with a change in extracellular bicarbonate concentration rather than with a change in extracellular pH. Of particular importance is the evidence for an absence of relation to change in pH. Questions are raised with respect to buffering mechanism, but simplification is offered for diagnosis. A clearer focus can be given...