The central generation of burst activity was investigated in the buccal ganglia of Lymnaea. Eight different patterns of burst activity were generated by one or two consecutive phases of compound synaptic potentials resulting from activity of neurones. These inputs acted upon the different endogenous properties of buccal neurones such as post-inhibitory rebound and spike adaptation. Effects of s...

The buccal mucosa lines the inner aspect of the cheek and the lip. It is limited superiorly and inferiorly by its attachments to the alveoli. It extends posteriorly to the retromolar trigone. Deep to the buccal mucosa is the buccinator muscle (Figures 2, 3). Immediately lateral to the buccinator muscle is the facial artery and the buccal artery and the vascular plexus that the buccinator myomuc...

Infiltration of a local anesthetic agent (e.g., lidocaine) in the vicinity of the facial nerve can transiently paralyze the temporal branch of the facial nerve and cause ipsilateral brow ptosis. This typically occurs during surgery to remove skin cancers on the temple. The buccal nerve typically is not prone to transient or permanent damage because it lies deep to the buccal fat pad. A case of ...

Intraoral lipomas are benign and relatively rare tumors, although they occur with higher frequencies in other areas, most especially the back, abdomen and shoulders of adults. They have no gender predilection and predominantly affect the buccal mucosa. This paper describes a case of intramuscular (infiltrating) lipoma on the buccal mucosa of a 60-year old male which is relatively rare when comp...

Consummatory feeding movements in Aplysia californica are organized by a central pattern generator (CPG) in the buccal ganglia. Buccal motor programs similar to those organized by the CPG are also initiated and controlled by the cerebro-buccal interneurons (CBIs), interneurons projecting from the cerebral to the buccal ganglia. To examine the mechanisms by which CBIs affect buccal motor program...

The feeding behavior of the marine mollusc Aplysia californica is an intensively studied model system for understanding the neural control of behavior. Feeding movements are generated by contractions of the muscles of the buccal mass. These muscles are internal and cannot be visualized during behavior. In order to infer the movements of the muscles of the buccal mass, two kinematic models were ...

PURPOSE To report the closure of oroantral communications with the pedicled buccal fat pad in a series of patients, and to determine the level of patient satisfaction after the surgery. STUDY DESIGN A prospective study of patients diagnosed of unilateral or bilateral oroantral communication (OAC) closed using the buccal fat pad between May 2012 and January 2013 was performed. Data analysis ex...

BACKGROUND Animal and human researches have shown that immediate implant placement into extraction sockets failed to prevent socket dimensional changes following tooth extraction. It has been suggested that a minimal width of 1-2 mm of buccal bone is necessary to maintain a stable vertical dimension of the alveolar crest. AIM To determine the dimensions of the bony wall at extraction sites in...

orally disintegrating tablets (odts) are capable of turning quickly into a liquid dosage form in contact with the saliva, thus possessing the advantages of both the solid dosage forms particularly stability and liquid dosage forms specially ease of swallowing and pre-gastric absorption of drug. the aim of this study was to prepare a novel matrix-type buccal fast disintegrating ibuprofen tablet ...

Buccal patches are the types of formulations in which drug is administered through buccal mucosa. these or placed between gums and for pharmacological response. The main advantage there no first pass metabolism takes place easily absorb systemic circulation themucosa .the objective this delivery system to elevate increase bioavailability drug. review informs about steps involve preparation patc...