DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS (DCS) was first described in the early 19th century in compressed-air workers and divers who, after decompressing from increased ambient pressure, developed joint pain, paresthesias, and sometimes spinal cord injury or death. In animal experiments, Paul Bert (1) in Paris was able to demonstrate bubble formation after decompression, which he confirmed as due to inert-gas (...

Ferrofluid Bubble Formation In article number 2201724 by Kangqi Liu, Yuan Gao, Duyang Zang, and colleagues, a ferrofluid drop was turned into bubble in controlled manner coupling the effect of magnetic sound fields. The acoustically levitated can serve as an ideal template for evaporation-induced assembly.

The effect of soluble surfactants on the unsteady motion and deformation of a bubble rising in an otherwise quiescent liquid contained in an axisymmetric tube is computationally studied by using a finite-difference/front-tracking method. The unsteady incompressible flow equations are solved fully coupled with the evolution equations of bulk and interfacial surfactant concentrations. The surface...

Injection of formation water can cause formation damage due to the migration of fines, clay swelling, gas bubble formation, as well as the precipitation and dissolution of minerals. Because the injected water has approximately the same chemical characteristics as the production water, fines migration and gas bubbles will be the main sources of formation damage. The near vicinity of the well wil...

The mechanism of inclusion removal from liquid steel by gas bubbling and bubble attachment in the tundish is complex due to the great number of variables involved, and it is even more difficult to study because of the turbulent flow conditions. The main objective of this work is to analyze and improve the understanding of the alumina inclusion removal rate by bubble attachment and by gas bubbli...

Establishing the general and promoter-specific mechanistic features of gene transcription initiation requires improved understanding of the sequence-dependent structural/dynamic features of promoter DNA. Experimental data suggest that a spontaneous dsDNA strand separation at the transcriptional start site is likely to be a requirement for transcription initiation in several promoters. Here, we ...

A bottom up approach is employed in the design of novel materials: first, gas-phase ―double bubble‖ clusters are constructed from high symmetry, Th, 24 and 96 atom, single bubbles of ZnO and GaN. These are used to construct bulk frameworks. Upon geometry optimization—minimisation of energies and forces computed using density functional theory—the symmetry of the double bubble clusters is reduce...