This study was performed to examine the possibility of Er:YAG laser for dentine hypersensitivity treatment using a novel laser probe; broom-type probe. The morphological change of dentinal tubules of bovine dentine plate after low power laser irradiation (5 or 10 mJ/ pulse, 10 pps) or boiling was observed by SEM. Fifty teeth from 13 patients aged 31–54 years with complaint of dentine hypersensi...

Part of the Master Thesis of the first author. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Seropédica RJ. 2008. ABSTRACT Phytoplasmas can cause yield losses in numerous crops worldwide. In Brazil, phytoplasmal diseases have been reported in plant species, distributed among 29 botanical families. Chayote witches’-broom (ChWB) is reported as one of the diseases of economic importance, associate...

Witches' broom disease (WBD) is caused by the hemibiotrophic basidiomycete fungus Crinipellis perniciosa, which is one of the most important diseases of cocoa in the western hemisphere. In this study, the contents of soluble sugars, amino acids, alkaloids, ethylene, phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, pigments, malondialdehyde (MDA), glycerol, and fatty acids were analysed in cocoa (Theobroma cacao...

The paper Broom & Rychtář (2008) analytically investigated the probability for mutants to fixate in an otherwise uniform population on two types of heterogeneous graphs (lines and stars) by evolutionary dynamics. The main motivation for concentrating on those two types of graphs only was the potentially exponential size of the system of linear equations (see equation (1.1) below) yielding the f...

Witches' broom disease of acid lime greatly affects the production of Mexican lime in Iran. It is caused by a phytoplasma (Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia). However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie phytoplasma pathogenicity and the mode of interactions with host plants are largely unknown. Here, high-throughput transcriptome sequencing was conducted to explore gene expression signatu...

In this issue of Cell, Panatier et al. (2006) show that D-serine released by astrocytes, a type of glial cell in the brain, promotes NMDA receptor activity at synapses in the hypothalamus. These results confirm that glial cells participate in synaptic signaling and show that they can dictate the tenor of synaptic plasticity.

Many popular systems for processing “big data” are implemented in high-level programming languages with automatic memory management via garbage collection (GC). However, high object churn and large heap sizes put severe strain on the garbage collector. As a result, applications underperform significantly: GC increases the runtime of typical data processing tasks by up to 40%. We propose to use ...

The basidiomycete fungus Crinipellis perniciosa (Stahel) Singer is the causal agent of Witches' Broom Disease of Cacao (Theobromacacao L.) which is the main factor limiting cacao production in the Americas. Pod losses of up to 90% are experienced in affected areas as evidenced by the 50% drop in production in Bahia province, Brazil following the arrival of the C. perniciosa in the area in 1989....

PHYL1 and SAP54 are orthologs of pathogenic effectors of Aster yellow witches'-broom (AYWB) phytoplasma and Peanut witches'-broom (PnWB) phytoplasma, respectively. These effectors cause virescence and phyllody symptoms (hereafter leafy flower) in phytoplasma-infected plants. T0 lines of transgenic Arabidopsis expressing the PHYL1 or SAP54 genes (PHYL1 or SAP54 plants) show a leafy flower phenot...

Due to the dispersed nature of forestry operations in much of the world, only a subset of a given forest road network are used in any year. Specifically, spur roads are generally only used when harvesting operations are adjacent to roadways; otherwise, they remain unused or only have infrequent administrative traffic. During these periods of light use, a substantial amount of organic litter may...