This study presents a comparison of numerical and experimental results of the steady flow field in the left main-bronchus of the upper human airways during exhalation. Stereo-particle-image velocimetry measurements were performed in multiple parallel measurement planes for a Reynolds number ofRe = 700based on the hydraulic diameter of the trachea to determine the highly three-dimensional flow i...

BACKGROUND We aimed to analyze the factors predicting the diagnostic performance of flexible bronchoscopy without guidance in peripheral lung lesions that are endoscopically invisible. METHODS This was a retrospective study conducted in St. Paul's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, between January 2007 and March 2013. We included all patients who received bronchoscopy during this per...

PURPOSE Massive pulmonary embolism (PE) causes hemodynamic compromise and is associated with a high rate of mortality. We sought to create a model of massive PE and to determine whether occlusion of the right main bronchus could mitigate the physiological effects of massive PE in this model. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used 27 female sheep to generate a model of massive PE by either autologous b...

BACKGROUND Recent advances in bronchoscopy, such as transbronchial biopsy (TBB) using endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS), have improved the diagnostic yield of small-sized peripheral lung lesions. In some cases, however, it is difficult to obtain adequate biopsy samples for pathological diagnosis. Adequate prediction of the diagnostic accuracy of TBB with EBUS-GS is imp...

BACKGROUND Pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) has been suggested to reduce peak airway pressure (P(peak)) and intrapulmonary shunt during one-lung ventilation (OLV) when compared with volume-controlled ventilation (VCV). At the same tidal volume (V(T)), the apparent difference in P(peak) is mainly related to the presence of a double-lumen tracheal tube. We tested the hypothesis that the decr...

Angiogenesis in the lung involves the systemic bronchial vasculature and becomes prominent when chronic inflammation prevails. Mechanisms for neovascularization following pulmonary ischemia include growth factor transit from ischemic parenchyma to upstream bronchial arteries, inflammatory cell migration/recruitment through the perfusing artery, and paracrine effects of lung cells within the lef...

STUDY OBJECTIVES The mechanisms involved in the impairment of mucociliary function after lung transplantation are not completely understood. The purpose of the present study was to isolate the effects of unilateral bronchial transection and reanastomosis in a rat model. DESIGN In situ bronchial mucociliary transport (MCT) was determined proximal and distal to the bronchial anastomosis, as wel...

The effect of sympathetic stimulation on bronchial smooth muscle contractile response after mast cell degranulation with Ascaris suum antigen was studied in 36 natively allergic dogs in situ. Bronchial smooth muscle response was measured isometrically in a single right middle lobe bronchus. A dose of antigen causing maximal release of mediator was administered to the bronchus through the bronch...

T H E mortality from pneumonectomy for lung cancer is considerable especially when it is performed in the elderly or relatively unfit. Price Thomas (1955) has described an operation designed to reduce this seriously high death rate. It consists essentially in removal of the lobe in which the cancer is growing, together with a portion of the main stem bronchus. The remainder of the lung is conse...