Vital staining of the endothelial graft is essential during Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) to ensure surgical success. DMEK surgeons worldwide commonly use trypan blue (TB) to this end. However, TB may exert toxic effects on both the cornea and retina. Recently, Brilliant Blue G (BBG) has become recognized as an alternative stain for use during vitreoretinal surgery; BBG is...

Derivatives of the standard cationic photosensitiser, methylene blue, were synthesised, having extra amino (basic) functionality in the auxochromic side-chain. The resulting analogues were profiled for photodynamic activity in vitro, and screened against standard Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria for photobactericidal activity. The substitution pattern of the derivatives was such that io...

Blue native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) is used extensively for characterization of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and uses the binding of Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 to visualize proteins. Oxidative modification of sulfhydryl groups of such proteins can be evaluated by labeling with iodoacetamide conjugated to biotin (BIAM) and detected with streptavidin peroxidase on Western blots f...

We report the simple synthesis and full investigation of a novel heparin binding dye, mallard blue, an arginine-functionalized thionine. This dye binds heparin in highly competitive media, including water with high levels of competitive electrolyte, buffered aqueous solution and human serum. The dye reports on heparin levels by a significant change in its UV-vis spectroscopic profile. Molecular...

When large amounts of brilliant vital red are injected into the blood stream of dogs, the dye is gradually removed from circulation, and most of it is deposited in numerous phagocytic cells which are scattered throughout various organs and tissues. The dye occurs largely in the form of tiny red granules crowded together in the cytoplasm of these cells. If Niagara sky blue, a closely related dye...

PROCEDURES The following have been used with success: haematoxylin and eosin, Perls's reaction for ferric iron, the periodic acid-Schiff reaction for carbohydrates, the alcian blue method for acid mucopolysaccharides, the Feulgen reaction for desoxyribonucleic acid, the periodic acid-hexamine silver method, Luxol fast blue for myelin, solochrome cyanine as a general stain, Heidenhain's iron hae...

Amyloid fibrils implicated in numerous human diseases are thermodynamically very stable. Stringent conditions that would not be possible in a physiological environment are often required to disrupt the stable fibrils. Recently, there is increasing evidence that small molecules can remodel amyloid fibrils in a physiologically relevant manner. In order to investigate possible fibril remodeling me...