Ultrasonography is a simple and safe medical tool for diagnosing thyroid nodules evaluating malignancy. National Health Insurance coverage ultrasonography was implemented in Korea, has been effect since 2016. In 2022, with expanded coverage, imaging standards reimbursement were recommended. The diagnosis of will be discussed this article based on updated criteria recommended standard imaging.

A West Highland White Terrier was brought to our veterinary hospital with the chief complaints of seizures and staggering gait. When cephalic Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed, a symmetrical lesion was found in the basal ganglion. Suspecting a metabolic disorder, an abdominal ultrasonography was performed, and a tumor was found in the pancreas. The pancreatic tumor was surgically r...

Background and Purpose Few studies have investigated the relationships between asymptomatic carotid lesions and silent infarcts confirmed on magnetic resonance imaging. Methods A consecutive series of 117 subjects (average age, 62±9.4 years) who were free from neurological deficit but had at least one established risk factor for stroke were investigated by B-mode carotid ultrasonography and mag...

Lung ultrasonography has excellent utility for the diagnosis of various thoracic diseases. It is easy to learn and has become attractive to intensivist and pulmonary physicians. This section will review key components of lung

three-dimensional color doppler ultrasonography is a new technique to evaluate the pattern of blood vessels. this study was performed to assess the feasibility of this method in evaluation of kidney vasculature pattern in dogs. in this paper, visualization of the renal, interlobar, arcuate, and interlobular arteries and veins using 3d color doppler ultrasonography in dogs is shown and the techn...

The evaluation of the fetal face is an important part of every ultrasound examination since detailed facial examination can provide many information alerting the examiner about possible associated anomalies. Face and the brain have the same embryonic origin. By using 2 and 3D ultrasound techniques, it is possible to obtain clear images of different fetal face defects. Incorporation of the 4D ul...

background and aims: there are different causes for brain death including head trauma, cerebrovascular accidents and intracranial space-occupying lesions. the present study was aimed to determine the causes of brain death in chahar mahal and bakhtiari province due to high turnover of trauma in this area during 2003 to 2013. methods: this study was based on routine data and was conducted on all ...

background : studies have emphasized on the frontal eeg  symmetry as a mediator of emotional states. this research was aimed to examine the overall and asymmetric activities of the brain lobes under the affective states. methods : a coupling eeg was recorded in an eye closed awakened condition from 40 right handed female students under the baseline and affective states. results : bilaterally de...

Intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) is a widely used noninvasive method to evaluate the morphology, vasculature, and pathologies of the brain. The advantages of IOUS include realtime depiction of neuroanatomy, accurate localization and characterization of a lesion, reduced surgical exploration and surgical time, and presumably decreased patient morbidity. IOUS is useful in the intraoperative ...

Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is widely used to investigate the effects of anesthetic drugs on cerebral blood flow. Its repeatability and non-invasivity makes it an ideal, first choice method. Anesthesia providers are required to be conscious of the cerebral hemodynamic effects of drugs given in their practice, especially in neurosurgery and in subjects with impaired brain functions. The purpose o...